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Corticosteroids, Glucose lowering drugs and Insulin - Coggle Diagram
Corticosteroids
Glucocorticoid
Physiologic effects
Metabolism: ↑ blood glucose level
↑ gluconeogenesis and inhibit peripheral glucose uptake
↑ protein breakdown (particularly in muscle)
↑ lipolysis
Blood pressure control : ↑ BP by many mechanisms such as ↓ NO mediated endothelial dilatation
↑ CVS response to catecholamine and angiotensin II
↓ NO mediated endothelial dilatation
Suppress inflammatory and immunologic responses
ยา Hydrocortisone (cortisol), Prednisolone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone :star:
Therapeutic indication: Replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency, Replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency
Adverse effects: supraphysiologic doses Hyperglycemia, Muscle wasting/weakness, runcal obesity/moon face, Hypertension, Infection, Infection, Peptic ulcer, Suppression of HPA axis
Mineralocorticoids
Physiologic effects
↑ Na+ reabsorption, K+ and H+ excretion in the kidney
↑ water retention
Fludrocortisone (Mineralocorticoid Receptor Agonist) :star:
High mineralocorticoid-to-glucocorticoid potency ratio
Therapeutic indication
replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency and hypoaldosteronism
Adverse effects
hypokalemia, fluid retention, hypertension, and even cardiac failure
หลั่งมาจาก adrenal cortex
Zona glomerulosa > Mineralocorticoids(aldosterone)
Zona fasciculata > Glucocorticoids(cortisol)
Glucose lowering drugs and Insulin
Classification of Diabetes
type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)