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Spine - Coggle Diagram
Spine
Anatomy
Embryology
4th Week of Development
Vertebral Column derives from Somites of the Paraxial Mesoderm
Notochord forms Nucleus Pulposus
Sclerotome forms the Annulus Fibrosus
Bony Structure
Vertebrae/Spine
Thoracic
12 Thoracic (Kyphosis) "Concave"
12 Thoracic Nerves
T1-L2
Anatomy
Sympathetic Nervous System Structure
White Rami Communicates
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Preganglionic Neurons
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Disease
Kyphosis (Hunchback)
Pathophys
Abnormally excessive Thoracic Curve
Causes
Shurermann's Disease (Most Common)
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Gibbus Deformity
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Age-Related Fractures
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Lumbar
5 Lumbar (Lordosis) "Convex"
L5
Pars Interarticularis (between superior and inferior articular processes)
Fracture
Spondylolysis (Pars Defect) :<3:
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L4-L5
Disc Herniation (Most Frequent) (also L5-S1)
Pathophys
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5 Lumbar Nerves
L5 Spinal N.
Disease
Disc Herniation (Affects this Nerve)
Spinal Cord Endings
Newborns
L2/L3
Significance
Adults
L1/2
Significance
Spinal Tap (L4-L5)
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Epidural Anesthesia (L3-L4)
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Sacral
5 Sacral (Kyphosis) "Concave"
5 Sacral Nerves
S2
Anatomy
Endings
Dura Mater Ends
Arachnoid Mater Ends
Subarachnoid Space
Coccyx
3-5 Coccyx (Fused)
1 Coccygeal Nerve
Cervical
7 Cervical (Lordosis) "Convex"
8 Cervical Nerves
C8 Runs inferior to vertebral Pedicle
C1-C7 Run superior to vertebral Pedicles
Vertebra
C2 (Axis)
Odontoid Process
Formation
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Action
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Atlanto-axial and Atlanto-occipital Joints
Alar Ligament
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Cruciate Ligament of the Atlas
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Pars Interarticularis
Fracture
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Vertebral Foramen
Vertebral Body
Vertebral Arch (Pedicles, Lamina)
Vertebral Processes
Spinous Process
Transverse Process (2)
Articular Process
Ligaments
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Limits Vertebral Column Extension
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Action
Limits Vertebral Column Flexion
Disease
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis :<3:
Cause
Spondylolisthesis (Slippage of the vertebra)
Thickening of the posterior Longitudinal Ligament or Ligamentum Flavum
Pathophys
A narrow vertebral foramen in one or more lumbar vertebrae
Can compress spinal nerves and blood vessels within the vertebral canal
Ligamentum Flavum
Action
Maintain constant disc tension
Preserve upright posture
Disease
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis :<3:
Cause
Thickening of the Ligamentum Flavum or Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Pathophys
A narrow vertebral foramen in one or more lumbar vertebrae
Can compress spinal nerves and blood vessels within the vertebral canal
Supraspinous Ligament
Limits Vertebral Column Flexion
Interspinous Ligament
Limits Vertebral Column Flexion
Nervous System
Spinal Cord
Anatomy
Matter
Anatomy