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Bandura's study (1963) - Coggle Diagram
Bandura's study (1963)
Aim
To find out if children would become more aggressive if exposed to an aggressive role model in film or in a less realistic cartoon compared to watching a live model.
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IV
1) whether the aggressive role model was real, filmed or a cartoon character
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DV
Bandura’s observers recorded the number of verbal, physical, mallet and gun play aggressive actions the children carried out; they also counted the number of acts of non-imitative aggression.
Sample
There were 96 children which were 48 girls and 48 boys, that were aged 3-5. They were all recruited from Stanford University Nursery School by and opportunity sample.
Procedure
- The children were split into 4 groups, a live model condition, a filmed model condition, a cartoon model and a control model.
- They were then put into a room a watched either the live model, filmed model, the cartoon model or no model at all. They watched this for about 5 minutes before the TV was stopped.
- They were then moved into a different room and were then observed by 3 observers (one in the room and the other two behind a 2 way mirror) to look for any aggressive behaviour.
- The observers then noted any aggressive behaviour that 2 or more of them saw (to increase the validity of the study) and made a table of results to record the research.
Results
The control group had half of the aggression as the other groups had. However, there is no significant difference between the live models and filmed or cartoon models.
The cartoon produced more non-imitative aggression but less imitative aggression, whereas human models are the opposite way round.
Bandura collected qualitative data as well quantitative data as the study was filmed and you can see the film clips.
Conclusion
Bandura concluded that children will imitate filmed aggression in the same way as live aggressive role models.
Bandura also concludes that watching filmed violence is NOT cathartic. Instead of becoming less aggressive after watching aggressive film or cartoons, the children showed more aggression.
Bandura thought that there being a cartoon role model would be less imitation as the role model became less realistic (because the children identified with it less). However, this did not happen as the cartoon seemed to weaken social inhibitions generally, because there was less imitative aggression but more non imitative aggression in this condition.
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