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IGCSE chem1, ionic: atoms transfer electrons for full outer shell,…

- - - - arranged particles
        
        held together by strong intermolecular forces
  - - - fixed volumn but shape of container(less dense)
        
        can be compressed slightly
        
        less intermolecular forces
  - - - no fixed volumn, expand to fill
        
        low density(highly compressible)
- - - - mass number(protons+neutrons)(on top)
        
        Isotopes: atoms same element with same n of protons, different n of neutrons.
  - - - Ionic Bonds: transfer electrons to form ions, held together by opposite charges (NaCl)
        
        Metallic Bonds: between metal atoms where electrons are shared in a 'sea'
    - - compounds
        
        mixtures
        
        2 or more substances not chemically bonded
        
        2 or more elements bonded
      - only one atom type
  - - - total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of the products.
- - - - G1 (alkali Metals): highly reactive metals
        G17 (halogens): highly reactive non-metals
        G18 (noble Gases): inert gases with a full outer electron shell
        
        transition elements
        
        form colored compounds, catalysts, conductors
        
        valency: 1-4=period, 5-8=countdown 3-2-1-0