Function: the neurons are in charge of transmitting signals, receiving signals, and integrating signals. To transmit signals, the neuron uses the Axon, or the long arm, to send electrical impulses to other neurons or cells, with examples being the muscle cell or gland cell. To receive signals, the neuron uses its Dendrites to capture the electrical impulse produced by other neurons. The neuron is also capable of processing signals; if he combined input of information reaches a threshold, it triggers an action. There are 3 main types of neurons. Sensory neurons are in charge of transmitting signals received from the sensory organs, examples being the eye and the ear, to the CNS, or the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord. Furthermore, Motor Neurons carries signals from the CNS to muscle cells or gland cells to trigger movement or secretion, while the last type, interneurons, are in charge of relaying information between the two types mentioned above. They're a type of cell in the CNS.
