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THEME 1: RELIGIOUS FIGURES AND SACRED TEXTS - Coggle Diagram
THEME 1: RELIGIOUS FIGURES AND SACRED TEXTS
SHARI'A
System of
laws and guidelines derived from Qur'an and Hadith.
Encompasses both
personal + communal
aspects of life, guides Muslims on how to live according to their faith.
Came to be thought of as
God's law
.
The Qur'an 4:80 - "He who obeys the Messenger, obeys Allah."
Guidance for life: Shari'a serves as a
comprehensive guide
for Muslims, outlining how to
conduct their daily lives in accordance with Islamic principles
. Covers aspects of
worship, ethics, and personal conduct
.
Moral framework: Provides a moral framework that helps individuals differentiate between
right and wrong
, encouraging ethical behaviour and social responsibility.
Legal system: Shari'a influences laws related to
family matters, contracts and criminal justice
. This can help ensure that legal practices align with religious beliefs of the population.
SUNNAH
Sunnah is the way Muhammad (SAW) did things:
how he ate his food, wore his clothes, and spoke politely + kindly to people
.
Over the course of his Prophethood, he gave many other example including
how to pray, how to perform Hajj, and how to set up an organised community in Madinah
.
Serves as a model for
ethical and moral conduct
. Muslims look to the Prophet's actions to understand how to
behave in various situations, from personal interactions to community responsibilities
.
In addition to the Qur'an, the Sunnah is a
primary source of Shari'a
. Helps clarify and elaborates on the guidelines established in the Qur'an, making it essential for legal rulings and decisions.
DEVELOPMENT OF HADITH
The Qur'an itself is the direct words and instructions of God to the Prophet, but it
does not tell us very much about the Prophet himself
. The Hadith is
not a holy book and is not the words of Allah
.
After the death of Prophet Muhammad (SAW), the Sahabahs related
stories and sayings from him by physically talking. But the Caliph Uthman wrote these down
.
200 years after the death of the Prophet, there was
fear that some Hadith were inaccurate
. By the 8th and 9th centuries,
scholars began to compile formal collections of Hadiths
. The most famous collections include
Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, which are considered among the most authentic.
Sahih (authentic), Hasan (good), Da'if (weak)
.
Imam Bukhari
(Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari):
Born in 810 CE in Bukhara (present day Uzbekistan). Passed away in 870 CE in Samarkand.
Madhabs (Sunni): Hanafi
(Imam Abu Hanifa)
, Maliki
(Malik ibn Idris al-Shafi'i)
, Hanbali
(Ahmad ibn Hanbal)
.
Hadith Qudsi: Sayings of Muhammad that are thought to have been
directly inspired by Allah
.
Sahih: Best and most reliable Hadith.