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INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING - Coggle Diagram
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Why are they important for language teachers?
develop materials
change the teaching style
adopt new instructional strategies
give feedback
offer optimal learning environment for students
aptitude
stable characteristics
speed in language learning
aptitude tests
motivation
major factor in language learning
intrinsic motivation
extrinsic motivation
dynamic
affected by the learners' environment
strategies and beliefs
autonomy
personality
stable characteristic
little interest from a language learning perspective
willingness to communicate
tolerance and ambiguity
ego permiability
dynamics of extroverts and introverts
sex / gender
sex - biological attribute
boy or girl
gender - culturally constructed
Females are often believed to be better language learners
but research does not always prove it
no significant differences
self-efficacy
age
stable characteristic
critical/sensitive period
cognitive factors and differences
research focusing on the effectiveness of language learning
young learners
adolescent learners
adult learners
neurological maturation
brain activity
psycho-affective factors
social and ecological context
intelligence
race / ethnicity / nationality / culture
individuals are born into a particular environment
different environments may overlap
influence on how people think, behave, and learns
language
complex and dynamic system
constant state of interactions
consists of many different but interdependent subsystems
prone to change
socio-ecological context
language is a social phenomenon
friends
family
classmates
neighbours
teachers
learning style
it might be an aspect of personality