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Thermochemistry - Coggle Diagram
Thermochemistry
Enthalpy
Endothermic vs. Exothermic reactions
Endothermic
Definition: Absorbs heat from surroundings
Feels cold to touch
Requires energy input
Exothermic
Definition: Releases heat into surroundings
Feels warm to touch
Produces energy output
Enthalpy change(ΔH)
Hess’s Law: Sum of enthalpy changes
Energy
Types of energy
Kinetic
Related to temperature (KE=1/2mv^2)
Molecular motion increases with heat
Energy of motion
Potential
Chemical bonds contain potential energy
Breaking bonds absorbs energy (Endothermic)
Stored energy based on position or composition
Heat
Flows from hot to cold.
Different from temperature (heat is energy, temperature is a measure of energy)
Energy transfer due to temperature difference.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Thermodynamic Laws & Spontaneity
Gibbs free energy(G):determines spontaneity.
ΔG=ΔH-TΔS
Entropy(s): Measure of disorder
Calorimetry
Heat capacity (C)
Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by 1oC
Specific Heat (c)
heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount