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NATIONALISM: INDEPENDENCE AND UNIFICATIONS - Coggle Diagram
NATIONALISM: INDEPENDENCE AND UNIFICATIONS
Nation and nationalism
different types of nationalist movements
unifying movements
which aspired to bring people with a common culture together
independence movements
Nationalism
which was the political interpretation of this identity and these aspirations
Both Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna
organised the map of Europe
liberal economy
also influenced nationalism
Liberalism
establishing the legitimacy of state power in national sovereignty and citizenship
Before the 19th century,
nation expressed different realities.
THE INDEPENDENCE OF LATIN AMERICA
The Napoleonic invasion of Spain in 1808
had repercussions in Latin America
Cabildos formed juntas
Criollos demanded this juntas
Urban developments
Influenced of liberalism
independence of USA
marganalisation of criollos
Independence process
violent
Fernando VII refused to make changes in colonies
Major revolt
in Mexico
indigenus people took part
Rebelions
led by bolivar + san martin
in new granada(1811)
in Rio de la Plata (1816)
Simon Bolivar
rich criollo
owned land in Venezuela
dremt with
a new unifed American nation
San Martin
born in argentina
his troops crossed the Andes and liberated Peru
Latin america independence
after the battle of Ayacucho(1824)
Consequences:
POlitical
system of goverment
reoublic
but military imposed
Economic
Spain
lost its main souces
so replaced by great B and USA
Social
Criollos achieved political power+soldified their economy
Slavery abolished
THE UNIFICATION OF GERMANY
After the napoleonics wars
German confederatio replaced
the holy empire
Eastern part
manteined authoritarian political + military organisation
Prussia
South
German conf.
independence territories
ruled by princess
Oter German
depend on Denmark
1834
Prussia
created the zollverein/customs union
excluding the Austrians
encourage middle class to fight for unification
German chancellor
under the reign of William I
declared war in Denmark in 1864
Austria in 1866 was defented
planned annexation of Alsace+ Lorraine
dedaring the SECOND GERMAN EMPIRE
Unification of Italy
19 century
Italians felt part of a
Cultural and historical unit
but they were divided by diferent political SYS.
Rest north
occupied by Austria
riches region(Milan, Venice)
South
Naples+Sicily
monarchy governed by Bourbon dynasty
North-west
independent kingdom
ruled by: Savoy
Central area
Tuscany, Parma, Madena
Pope Puis IX
reigned Papal states
Canvour
allied with
Fance and defendted Austrians
The pope
renounced the Papal states
End resulted
parlamentary monarchy+censitary suffrage
capital: Rome
Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy king
