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Can New Knowledge Change Established Values or Beliefs?, In What Ways Do…
Can New Knowledge Change Established Values or Beliefs?
New Knowledge Can Change Established Values
Scientific Discoveries (Vaccines etc.)
Acceptance of vaccines shifted public beliefs about health and safety.
Historical Shift: The eradication of diseases like smallpox shows direct impact on public health philosophy.
Public Trust: Increased scientific literacy can enhance trust in medical interventions.
Counterarguments: Some groups still resist vaccines despite overwhelming evidence; misinformation plays a role.
Established Values Resist Change
Cultural Traditions (e.g., Marriage Practices)
Many societies maintain traditional marriage practices despite new perspectives on relationships.
Cultural Identity: Deep-rooted traditions often form a significant part of community identity.
Social Pressure: Collective beliefs can act as a barrier to change, with individuals facing pressure to conform.
Examples: Arranged marriages in various cultures persist despite global shifts toward individual choice.
New Knowledge Can Lead to Incremental Change
Environmental Awareness (e.g., Climate Change)
Growing awareness of climate change has adjusted some values but not radically altered them.
Policy Adjustments: Governments may introduce new regulations based on environmental science, reflecting gradual change.
Public Engagement: Increased environmental activism shows a shift in values toward sustainability.
Examples: Adoption of electric vehicles and renewable energy sources reflects changing priorities without complete overhaul.
In What Ways Do Values Affect the Production of Knowledge?
Ethical Considerations in Research
Medical Research / animal testing / pysch experiments
Protection of Participants - Values around human rights influence consent and safety protocols.
Research Integrity: Commitment to honesty and transparency shapes data reporting and publication.
Cultural Values Shape Knowledge Priorities
Religious scholars research relgilous topics
Political Values Affect Knoledge Production
US Dept of Education
Relgious educations
Banned books + research topics
Does Some Knowledge Belong Only to Particular Communities of Knowers?
Yes
Indigenous Knowledge
Knowledge of specific groups (Military, scouts)
General traditions and family stuff
Notes
Cultural Context: Knowledge is often tied to specific environments and cultural practices.
Oral Traditions: Knowledge is passed down through storytelling, making it unique to the community.
Examples: Land management practices that reflect deep understanding of local ecosystems.
No
Scientific knowledge is universal
Universal principles of physics and chemistry.
Global Collaboration: Scientific discoveries are shared across cultures and communities.
Standardization: Scientific methods and principles are designed to be universally applicable.
Examples: The laws of thermodynamics apply irrespective of cultural context.
Both