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Homeostasis and the Nervous System - Coggle Diagram
Homeostasis and the Nervous System
the nervous system
reflex arc
starts of the receptors detect a change in the enviromen(stimulant)
the sensory nuron then picks up the receptors pulse and passes it along the reelay nuron
then it travels through the relay neurone past the synapse in the cnc
after that it travels down the motor neurone via a synapse
the affector then changes the change in the enviroment
reflexes are quick responses to prevent indurarys
parts
central nervous system
consists of the brain and spinal cord.
sensory neurone
carry information from the receptor to the cns
motor neurone
carry electrical impulse from the cns to the effector
effectors
muscles and glands that respond to the electrical impulse
synapse
connection between two neurones
these chemicals set of new electrical signals
transferd by chemicals
homeostasis
this is the proses of keeping internal body featuers working
shivering for body temp
the brain
compomnents
cerebral cortex
responsible for consciousness,intelligentce,meory and language
medulla
controls unconscious activites like breathing and hartbeat
cerbellum
responsible for muscle cordination
spinal cord
responsible for reflexes
studying the brain
patients with brain damage
if a small part of the brain has been damaged you can see the patences responce.e.g if somone has been indured and has lost memory you knwo the celebral cortex has been da,agedd
electraly stimulating the brain
sending electrical signals to the brain and seeing what hapend.e.g send a signal to cerbellum and mscle contracts
mri scan
gives a verry detailed picture of the brain. can be used to see what areas are active when so,mone is doing somthing
the eye
parts of the eye
sclera
tough suporting wall of the eye
cornea
transparent outer layer refracts light
iris
controls diamitor of the pupil
suspensory ligimants
controls shape of lense
the lense
focuses light on the retina
the optic nerve
cares impuleses to the brain
iris reflex
adjusting the pupil
bright light=circualr muscles contract and raidel muscles relax
dark light= raidel muscles contract and circular muscles relax
focusing
near objects
cilary muscles contract to slacken suspensory ligimants,lens becomes flat(more curved) wich increases refraction
distant objects
cilary muscles relax which allows suspensory ligimants to pull tight. this makes the lens thin(less curved) refact less light
correcting vition
long sighted
this is when light isnt refracted enough
fixed by glasses with convex lens
as light rays are focused behind the retina
this refracts light so it ends up on the retian
when people can not see close objects
short sighted
when people can not see distant objects
light is refracted too much
light is focused before the retina
fixed by glasses with concave lens
refracts light less
controling body temperature
must be kept constant
done by keeping energy gained and energy lost the same
temperature receptors detect the core bofy temp too high
the thermoregularity center acts as a coordnation center and triggers the effector automaticaly
effectors (sweat glands) produce a response and counteracts the change
when too hot
sweat produced by sweat glands and evaporates from the skin transfers energy to the environment
blood vessels suplting skin with blood dilate so more blood flows gto surface and helps transfers energy to the surounding. this is called vasodialation
when to cold
hairs stand up to trap an insulating layer of air
no sweat is produced
blood vesseles suplying skin constricts to close of the skins blood suply. this is vasoconstriction.
when your cold you shivver. this needs resperation which transfers some energy to warm the blood