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Ch 4 Populations and Communities - Coggle Diagram
Ch 4 Populations and Communities
Population Dynamics
Population growth curves
Constant
Logistic growth (S-curve)
Exponential (J-curve)
Carrying capacity (K)
upper limit of species an ecosystem can support
Biotic Potential
number of offspring under ideal conditions
Increase biotic potential
Bring population up
Environmental Resistance
biotic vs. abiotic factors that cause mortality and limit population increase
Bring population down
Reproductive strategies
K group
Elephants, whales
R group
fish, insects, reptiles
Limits on population
Population Regulation
factors that control population
Top down regulation
control of pop. by predation
Bottom up regulation
control of pop. due to resource scarcity
Population Density
individual species per unit area
Density dependence
limits increases as pop. density increases
Density independence
pop. limited by abiotic factors regardless of number
Community interaction types
symbiosis
two species lives are connected (positive or negative)
competition
two organisms (same species or diff) relying on same resource
mutualism
both species benefit
Evolution
occurs through adapting to environmental factors
Selective pressure
environmental resistance factors
Natural Selection
three process occur for a species: adapt to changing conditions, migrate to an area with more favorable conditions, or become extinct