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Chapter 4: Variability - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 4: Variability
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Quartile range: types of percentile ranks, quartile is one forth of the distribution
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usually represented in a box plot: 
Standard deviation: uses the mean of the distribution as a reference point. Provides distances from the mean
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Samples tend to be less variable than populations which means that they give a biased estimate of population variability
the 2 formulas:
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degree of freedom: for sample variance is defined as df = n - 1, it determines the #s of scores in the sample that are independent and free to vary