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Ch1: Starting out - Coggle Diagram
Ch1: Starting out
1. Classrooms at work
Some typical lg. teaching classes
"managerial" > mostly monitoring
"managing"
managing, eg.: seating, groupings, activities, learners' levels, participation, flow of conversation...
"presentation" > w/o overt explanation or excessive TT
2. What is a teacher?
3 ways of lg learning:
self-study
picking up lg
classroom work
"Entertainer" VS Traditional"
importance of rapport bw T and Ss!
I.e., how the T relates to the class! (
respectful
,
empathetic
,
authentic
, listens to his/her Ss, gives positive feedback, fair, non-judgemental, trustworthy, patient, honest, approachable, enthusiastic, etc...)
3 kinds of teacher:
explainer
,
involver
,
enabler
(!)
3. Teaching and learning
the experiential learning cycle and teaching (p. 20):
Teaching does not equal learning!
teaching does not necessarily lead to learning automatically >> an effort is needed from Ss, too
involve Ss, enable them to work at their own speed, do not give long explanations, encourage them to participate, talk, interact, do things...
Lg. learning does not benefit very much from long explanation > cut down teacher talk... (esp. when teaching grammar) > key is to find balance
A TEACHER IS FOR HELP LEARNING TO HAPPEN!
4. The subject matter of ELT
not only grammar and vocab, but...
*Lg systems
(=
knowing
):*
phonology
lexis
grammar
function
discourse
Does not happen in isolation!
*Lg skills
(=
doing
):*
Productive
Speaking
Writing
Receptive
Reading
Listening
+Macro and micro skills
CEF (Common European Framework)
Does not happen in isolation!
5. Methods
The Grammar-Translation Method
The Audio-Lingual Method
Communicative Lg Teaching (CLT) or Communicative Approach (CA)
Total Physical Response (TPR)
Communnity Lg Learning (CLL)
The natural approach
Task-Based Learning (TBL)
The Silent Way
Person-centred approaches
Lexical approaches
Dogme
BUT: Importance of personal methodology!!!
=
"principled eclecticism"
6. First lessons - hints and strategies
Hints when planning your 1st lesson:
use the coursebook
a lesson is a sequence of activities
learn sth about your Ss
plan S-focused activities
make a written plan of the running order of your activities
consider aims
fluency or accuracy?
get the room and yourself ready
have at least 1 emergency activity
Hints when starting to teach:
talk to Ss as they come into the room
learn names as soon as possible!!!
be yourself
teaching does not mean talking all the time
teaching does not mean teaching all the time
slow down
Hints for starting to teach better (once you've got past the first few classes):
turn your radar on
don't teach and teach... teach then check > 5% input, 95% practice
are you teaching the class... or one person?
