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Chemistry of Life - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry of Life
Properties of Water
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Density of Ice: Ice floats, insulating water below
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Enzymes & Metabolism
Enzymes: Biological catalysts, lower activation energy
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Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose
Disaccharides: Sucrose, Lactose
Polysaccharides: Starch (plants), Glycogen (animals), Cellulose (plants), Chitin (arthropods, fungi)
Proteins
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Enzymes, Tarriers, Defense, Support, Movement, Regulation
Nucleic Acids
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Types:
DNA (Genetic info, double-helix)
RNA (Protein synthesis, single strand)
Base Pairing: A-T, C-G (DNA); A-U, C-G (RNA)
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Lipids
Types
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Phospholipids (Cell membranes, hydrophilic head & hydrophobic tails)
Steroids (Hormones, cholesterol)
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Atoms & Elements
Atomic Structure: Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
Isotopes: Stable & Radioactive (e.g., Carbon-14 in dating fossils, PET scans)
Essential Elements: Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N)
Trace Elements: Iodine (for thyroid function), Iron (for blood)
Acids, Bases & Buffers
pH Scale: Acidic (<7), Neutral (7), Basic (>7)
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Biological Organization
Hierarchy: Atom → Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biosphere