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Intro to ENVL Science Chapter 4 - Coggle Diagram
Intro to ENVL Science Chapter 4
Population dynamics
Pattern of change equation
Carrying capacity (K): upper limit of species an ecosystem can support
Models
Exponential (J curve)
Logistic (S curve)
Constant
Work together to produce population density
Biotic potential: number of offspring under ideal conditions
Environmental resistance: biotic vs abiotic factors that cause mortality and upper limit population increase
Population density - individual species per unit area
Density dependence - limits increases as population density increases
Density independence - populations limited by abiotic factors regardless of #
If species survives through early growth stages - recruited into breeding populations
Reproductive strategies
R strategists (view table in notes)
K strategists (view table in notes)
Population regulation - factors that control populations
Top down: control of pop by predation
Bottom up: control of pop due to resource scarcity
Critical #: minimum # of individuals needed to maintain a healthy, viable population and prevent extinction
Below critical # = endangered
Extinction = species no longer exists in wild
Sharp decline = threatened
Community interaction types, symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Competition
Intraspecific (same species)
Interspecific (diff species)
Amensalism
Predation
Herbivory
Parasitic
Predatory
Neutralism
Evolution
Selective pressure - environmental resistance factors
Natural selection - process of specific traits favoring survival/reproduction of certain individuals