Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Biomechanics 1 - Newtons laws, force and the use of technology. - Coggle…
Biomechanics 1 - Newtons laws, force and the use of technology.
-
Calculations
-
-
-
force
-
-
-
force can create motion ( football remain at rest until force applied), accelerate a body ( greater force applied, greater change in momentum), decelerate a body ( as ball moved through the air the force of air resistance will act in opposite direction and slow it down) , change the direction of a body ( goalkeeper dives, apply force from his hands to ball changing its direction) or change the shape of the body ( net)
-
Net force
overall motion of the body, if 0 then there is no change in motion as the forces are balanced, eg rugby scrum, pushing equal eight, net force 0
-
vertical forces
weight
-
-
-
weight can be minimised for dancers, by decreasing their inertia ( weight), therefore create little force so fast feet and COD and vertical acceleration.
reaction
-
equal and opposite force exerted by a body in response to the action force when 2 bodies are in contact
reaction force can be maximised by athletes who accelerate vertically, eg high jumpers rock from heels to toes to extend the time action force is applied to the track, so larger reaction force occur. coupled with large internal contraction of arm swings, greater height is achieved.
minimise reaction force by using spring floors which absorb some landing forces to prevent overuse injury
horizontal forces
friction
opposes the motion of 2 surfaces in contact. friction is affected by
- roughness of the ground - inc roughness = friction inc
- roughness of contact surface - inc roughness = friction inc
- temperature - inc temp of contact surface, friction inc
- size of normal reaction - inc normal force = Ince friction
air resistance
-
-
-
shape : the more airodynamic shape, the less air resistance, helmet
frontal cross sectional area - decreasing the front cross sectional area, air resistance decrease , crouched
-
use of technology
limb kinematics
-
pos - immediate, accurate, used by coaches to adjust technique
neg - expensive , highly specialised, lab conditions
force plates
ground reaction force of running, jumping by force plates. plate built into floor, creates an electrical output equal to the one applied on a computer.
pos - immediate, accurate, reliable
neg - specialist, expensive, lab conditions
wind tunnels
placed inside wind tunnel with instruments to measure the forces produced by the air against its surface. may study air flow around object. aim is to streamline the object.
pos - accurate, control on variables, time effective
neg - lab, specialised equipment , expensive, complex,