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Sprint Performance & Change of Direction (COD), reduces, by, includes,…
Sprint Performance & Change of Direction (COD)
enhanced by
Perceptual-cognitive decision making
inititates
decision to change momentum
involves
Impulse
Ground Reaction Force
Deceleration phase
emphasizes
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includes
acceleration phase
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includes
Increased Horizontal Force and Lower RFD
during
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Force-Time Relationship
during linear acceleration
longer contact times
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during top speed
contact time is short
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includes
Spring-Mass Model
ground reaction force management
elastic energy utilization
results in
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Peak Horizontal/ Vertical Force Production
during
top-speed
Strength Qualities
includes
isometric strength
includes
concentric strength
includes
eccentric strength
includes
Reactive strength
includes
anatomical core strength
involves
Rate of Force Development
enhanced by
Neural Drive
Synchronicity
Motor Unit recruitment
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affects RFD through
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enhanced by
Stretch-Shortening Cycle
increased force output
efficiency through recycling stored energy
improves RFD through
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Elastic energy Storage
efficiency enhanced by
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Proprioception and Reflex Responses
Intramuscular/Tendon Stiffness
rapid energy transfer
improves RFD through
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injury prevention
Acceleration Ability
involves
Biomechanics/techniques
Neuromuscular coordination
risk of injury
increasing movement efficieny
during top-speed
rapid and precise transitions between key phases in the sprinting
during agility
proper timeing and muscle activation to imrpvoe balance and movement efficiency
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Arm Action/Knee Drive
during top-speed
arms drive back forcefully, elbows at 90 degrees, and avoiding crossing the body.
knee should drive upward and forward in synch with arms
during linear acceleration
Arm action remains aggresive but adjusts to balance as trunk moves, and knee drive is higher than top-speed but not as high as initial acceleration.
Foot Orientation, Placement, and Ground Contact Properties
during top-speed
mid-to-forefoot contact with the foot striking under the center of mass
during linear acceleration
foot strike should be directly under hips
during agility
plant foot will be outside of COM to create impulse necessary to change direction, balance of maximum foot contact with freedom to pivot.
Body Positioning
during top speed
upright posture, forward lean, stable pelvis
during linear acceleration
trunk gradually rises into upright position
during agility
Maintain a low center of gravity and wide base, with the shin and torso angles able to adjust in preparation for a change in direction
includes
Stride Adjustment
deceleration
essential for
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enhanced by
reflex responses
proprioception
driven by
Anticipation
Pattern Recognition
Visual Scanning
Knowledge of Stiuations
Reaction time
reduces
by
includes
enhanced by