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Production - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Advantages
        
        Close working relation created with small number of trusted suppliers
        
        Cash flow improved as money in not tied up in stock
        
        Sotckholding cost are minimised
        
        Unused storage space is available for productive use
      - Disavantages
        
        Availability to respond to increase in demand is reduced
        
        Administrative costs related to frequent ordering are increased
        
        Economies of scale through bulk buying ca' be achieved
        
        Unreliable suppliers can affect the production
  - - - https://cdn.savemyexams.com/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,width=1080/https://cdn.savemyexams.com/uploads/2023/04/2-4-4-continuous-improvement-kaizen.png
    - - high levels of automation
      - high levels of cooperation between workers and managers
      - no defects in manufacturing
    - - Disadvantages
        
        Requires a constant comitment
        
        Can lead to employee fatigue if not implemented properly
        
        REquires employee training which can be expensive
      - Advantages
        
        Reduction of waste
        
        Simplifies complez tasks in work
        
        Improved productivity and quality
        
        EMployee motivation
        
        THey feel more involved in the business as they can pitch ideas
        
        Improved safety
  - - - overprocessing
        
        using more resources than needed to produce a product
      - motion
        
        unecessary movement of people and equipment
      - inventory
        
        excess raw materials being kept in storage
      - overproduction
        
        producing more than is required
      - transportation
        
        enecessary movement of materials or products
      - waiting
        
        Delays in production processes
      - defects
        
        products or services which don't meet customer requirements
    - - better customer service
        
        Customers will be satisfied with a higher quality product
      - enviromental benefits
        
        Business reputation may improve as a result of using fewer resources such as energy and making better use of others, for example recycling
      - lower costs
        
        less money spent on thiferent things as moving stock, unecessary labour costs
      - competitiveness
        
        Minimal levels of waste reduces costs, allowing a business to lower prices to gain market share from more expensive rivals
- - - - Well educated workers will work more efficiently and will make more useful contribuitions to decisions which will improve productivity
    - - flexible, communicative and adapteable workforces mean that the business can respond to changes in demand or challenges more quickly and efficitnly
    - - Motivated and happy employees will be more efficient and be more productive
    - - Increased automation can improve levels of output and quality
- - - - variability
        
        Products can vary as each product is made specifically for a customer
      - low volume
        
        Job production is typically used for unique or specialised products that are not produced in large quantities
      - longer lead time
        
        Due to the products produced beeing different for every customer the lead time is longer
      - customisation
        
        the goods produced satisfy specific customer needs
    - - Advantages
        
        allows for high levels of customisation
        
        Allows business to cater to specific customer needs which leads to higher customer satisfaction
        
        Flexibility to adapt in changes in the market
        
        Allows for greater attention to detail and quality
        
        personal custom experience
        
        The customer feels part of the process which makes them more loyal to the company
        
        charge more
      - Disadvantages
        
        More expensive than other production methods
        
        long lead times
        
        Harder to manage
        
        Economies of scales can hardly be reached with this production process
        
        Specialised employees
  - - - Advantages
        
        Produciton can switch between groups of products to cater for different customer needs
        
        Can be more cost-effective than flow production
        
        It achieves some benefits from economies of scale
        
        Quality issues and defects are identified and rectified within a specific batch
        
        Each batch is tailored to meet specific customer requirements
        
        bette rquality than mass
      - Disadvantages
        
        Setting up equipment for batch production takes time
        
        Leads to accumulation of stocks
        
        Not as adaptable as job production
        
        Frequent start-up and shutdown of machinery can put extra stress on equipment, causing it to more comonly break down
  - - - continuous movement
        
        minimisation of idle time and maximisation of productivity
      - higher volume
        
        SUit for high volume manufactruing as it is most effeicient at production of large quantities
      - standarisation
        
        Manufacture of identical products ensures a consistent and easy flow of production
      - automation
        
        Flow production often involves the use of machinery and automated equipment to perform repetitive tasks quickly and accurately
      - Division of labour
        
        DIfferent tasks are put to different workstations, allowing for the workers to specialise in one process
    - - Disadvantages
        
        Relies on reliability and efficiency of machinery
        
        Does not allow for customisation and flexibility is not easy
        
        Implementation of mass production involves a big capital investment to start
        
        Requires steady support of raw materials
      - Advantages
        
        More efficiency in the process and reduced idle time
        
        Avoids shutdowns of equipment which minimises electricity consumption and reduces the risk of the machin breaking down
        
        Consistent quality
        
        Can take full advantage of economies of scale
        
        less labour
- - - - Improved consistency and accuracy
      - robots cna perform dangerous tasks
      - Increased productivity as rrobots can work continuaslly
      - Can help reduce labour costs
    - - Maintenance costs as robots require regular maintenance and repairs, which can add to the overall cost
      - lack of flexibility
      - High initial investment of purchasing and setting up robotic systems
      - CAn lead to job losses
- - - - Disadvantages
        
        Breakdowns can impact production
        
        Less flexibility in production
        
        higher maintainence cost
      - Advantages
        
        high output
        
        More consistent and precise production
        
        low production cost
        
        Machines don't need to stop
  - - - Disadvantages
        
        Need regular breaks and can be unrelaible
        
        Incentives might be needed
        
        High training cost
      - Advantages
        
        provides opportunities for workers to be creative
        
        workers can be flexible
        
        low production cost where labour costs are low