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[Main methods of teaching English) - Coggle Diagram
[Main methods of teaching English)
Grammar - Translation Method
The main message of the method is "You need to know the language in order to be able to read texts and literature." Language is learned by translating sentences and texts from one language to another. In general, language learning is seen as memorizing rules and exceptions in order to successfully use the morphology and syntax of a foreign language.
Principles:
Grammar is the soul of language
Translation interprets foreign phraseology best
Interpretation helps better Assimilation
Structure of foreign language is best learnt when compared with the mother tongue
Meaning of every word interpreted in the mother tongue
The direct Method
The direct method is a teaching approach commonly used in language education. It focuses on teaching the target language through direct immersion, without translating into the learner's native language. Instead, instructors use only the target language for instruction, communication, and practice.
Principles:
Translation is banished
Grammar, when taught, taught inductively
Oral teaching precedes reading/writing
Meanings through objects/context
Less importance to mother tongue
The Audio Lingual Method
The Audio-Lingual Method is a language teaching approach focused on repetition, drills, and habit formation. It emphasizes speaking and listening skills through imitation of dialogues and patterns, with minimal focus on grammar explanations or real-life communication.
Principles:
It focuses on listening and speaking
Dialoguer are the chief means of presenting language items
Patterns drills is used as an important technique
Mother tongue was not given do much importance just, same as the direct method but it was not followed so rigidly
Audio Visual Method
The Audio-Visual Method uses images, videos, and sounds to teach language by combining listening and visual cues. It emphasizes context, imitation, and repetition, making learning more engaging and effective.
Principles:
The lesson begins with the film and presentation
The materials are explained by the teacher through demonstrating, listening, questions and answer.
Communicative Language Teaching
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is a language teaching approach that focuses on developing learners' ability to communicate effectively in real-life situations. It prioritizes interaction, fluency, and meaningful communication over strict grammar rules, using activities like role-plays and discussions to simulate authentic language use.
Principles:
Students are thought strategies to understanding English
Authentic text in English is used for teaching
Principled Eclecticism: This refers to the variety of teaching methods, depending on the aptitude of the learner
Total Physical Response
Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method where students learn by physically responding to verbal commands. It mimics how children learn their first language, combining movement with understanding to make learning engaging, natural, and memorable.
Principles:
Idea of learning by doing
The teacher performs an action, both demonstrating and saying it. Be prepared to exaggerate.
Call on the students to repeat the action
Repeat once more
Write the verb/phrase on the board
Repeat with other verbs and return to them regularly during the semester to check retention.
Suggestopedia
Suggestopedia is a teaching method that creates a relaxed and positive learning environment, using techniques like music and storytelling to reduce stress and encourage effective learning, particularly in language acquisition.