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Fundamentals of Computer Networks and the Internet - Coggle Diagram
Fundamentals of Computer Networks and the Internet
Unit I: Computer Networks and the Internet
• Definition of a Network:
o An interconnected group of devices.
• Benefits:
o Resource sharing
o Communication
o Information access
o Centralized control
• Components:
o Network devices
o Transmission media
o Protocols (TCP/IP)
o Network topology
o Network services
• Internet:
o A global network using TCP/IP.
• Network Boundary:
o The connection point between a local and external network.
Unit II: Application Layer
• HTTP Protocol:
o Communication between clients and web servers.
• Email:
SMTP,
POP,
IMAP.
• File Transfer:
o FTP.
• DNS:
o Domain name translation.
• HTTPS:
o Secure version of HTTP.
Unit III: Transport Layer
• Protocols:
o TCP: Reliable, connection-oriented.
o UDP: Unreliable, connectionless.
• Segmentation and Reassembly:
o Dividing and assembling data.
• Transport Ports:
o Identifying application processes.
• Multiplexing and Demultiplexing:
o Managing multiple data streams.
• Reliable Communication:
o Acknowledgment, retransmission, flow and congestion control.
Unit IV: Network Layer
• IP Address:
o Device identification.
• Routing:
o Determining the best path.
• Fragmentation and Reassembly:
o Dividing and assembling packets.
• Routing Protocols:
OSPF,
RIP,
BGP.
• NAT:
o Network address translation.
• ICMP:
o Control and notification.
Unit V: Data Link Layer
• Communication Link:
o Connection between adjacent nodes.
• Frames:
o Data units.
• Error Detection and Correction:
o Data integrity.
• Media Access Control:
o Preventing collisions.
• MAC Addresses:
o Unique identification on a local network.
• Data Link Layer Switches:
o Forwarding frames on a LAN.
• ARP:
o Resolving IP to MAC addresses.