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PSY223 1: MAIN THEORIES AND ISSUES - Coggle Diagram
PSY223 1: MAIN THEORIES AND ISSUES
Leading Theories
Psychosexual stages
Freud
5 stages from birth to adolescence
Focus on different parts of body
Conflicts that aren't resolve lead to later issues
Psychosocial stages
Erikson
8 stages from birth to seniority
Resolution of tasks leads to development of virtues
Virtues enable development
Behaviourist theory
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Constructionist stages
Piaget
4 stages from birth to asolescence
Learning through schemas
Sociocultural theory
Vygotsky
Social interaction develops behaviour
Learning mechanisms
Zone of proximal development
Developmental tasks theory
Havighurst
Achieve milestones throough tasks
Key sources for learning tasks
Central Issues
Nature vs nurture
Epigenetics
Disposition/experience interact
Plasticity in Development
Critical period
Sensitive period
Phenotype expression
Continuous vs stages
Active vs passive
Bidirectional relationship
Normal vs atypical
Culture and context
Individual differences
Some traits more malleable than others
Resilience
Low correlation between child and adult traits