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design theory - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Large leaves
      - Tight wood grain
      - Often darker in colour
    - - Oak
      - Mahogany
      - Beech
      - Elm
      - Ebony
  - - - Coniferous trees
      - Needles instead of leaves
      - Grow faster, mature in 30 years
      - Cheaper
      - Often used as building materials
      - Grow tall and straight - easier to cut into planks
    - - Looser grain structure
      - Grow in colder climates eg. Canada
      - Softer/easier to work
      - Often have cones instead of seeds
    - - Pine
      - Cedar
      - Yew
  - - - Make use of wastewood materials eg. off-cuttings
      - Easy to mass-produce
      - Made into any size
      - Not as aesthetically pleasing as real wood
      - Often veneered
        
        Thin slice of real wood placed over manufactured board to look more natural
      - Consistent in quality - can be of any thickness
    - - MDF
      - Plywood
  - - - Branches begun to grow out of tree
    - - Timber cracks across grain
    - - Breaking down of lignin resin in wood
    - - Insect that eats through timber
    - - timber twists due to uneven drying - when dries it shrinks
- - - - Metallic minerals found naturally in rock or ore
      - Methods used to extract minerals dependent on reactivity
        
        more reactive = more expensive to extract
    - - Metals existing as oxides heated with carbon (coke) in blast furnace
      - Electrolysis using electricity to split different elements from compounds eg. Aluminium from bauxite
  - - - Ferrous
        
        Any metals containing iron (Fe)
        
        Key properties
        
        Contain iron so may rust
        
        Can be coated with protective metals to prevent rust (only rusts when exposed to moisture)
        
        Softer and easier to work
        
        Majority are magnetic
        
        Examples
        
        Steel/stainless steel
        
        Galvanised steel
        
        Iron
      - Non - ferrous
        
        Key properties (more desirable)
        
        Corrosion resistant
        
        Ductile and malleable
        
        Better conductivity
        
        Light weight
        
        MORE EXPENSIVE THAN FERROUS
        
        Examples
        
        Copper
        
        Aluminium
        
        Gold
        
        Silver
  - - - Steel (iron + carbon)
      - Bronze (copper + tin)
      - Brass (copper + zinc)
- - - - load fulcrum effort eg old timey scales and see-saw
      - fulcrum in middle
    - - effort load then fulcrum eg weelbarow
      - load in middle
    - - load effort fulcrum bbq tongs
      - effort in middle
  - - - inout direction is converted though 90 degrees
- - - - when it moves straight in one direction
    - - when it moves forwards and backwards in an dimension
    - - rotation around an axle in one direction
    - - then it rotates in one direction then goes in the other think reciprocating for rotation