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Meaning-Focused vs Form-Focused Instruction - Coggle Diagram
Meaning-Focused vs Form-Focused Instruction
Grammar and language forms
Learners focus on both grammar rules and practice
Both explicit (conscious) and implicit knowledge
Grammar is actively taught or corrected during lessons
Recasts, grammar explanations, practice exercises
planned (before tasks) or eactive (during tasks)
Good for learning correct grammar and structure
Studies on recasts, noticing grammar during tasks
Builds grammatical accuracy
Can interrupt fluency by focusing too much on rules.
Schmidt's Noticing
Hypothesis - learners need to
notice grammar
Communication anc meaning
Learners pick up grammar through exposure and practice
Implicit (subconscious learning)
Grammar appears naturally as part of communication
Tasks, real conversations, reading/listening to understandable input
No specific focus on grammar ; it comes no as needed
Good for learning to speak andunderstand
Krashen's research on natural anguage acquisition
Builds fluency and understanding
Might not lead to perfect grammar
Grammar is taught or focused
on, either directly or indirectly
Krashen's Comprehensible
Input - learning through
understanding input