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TOPIC 1.2 - Coggle Diagram
TOPIC 1.2
protocols
Message Encoding
Converts data into a format suitable for transmission.
Message Formatting and Encapsulation
Organizes data into packets with
necessary headers and trailers.
Message Size
Defines the maximum size of data
packets to prevent fragmentation.
Message Timing
Manages the timing of data exchange to avoid collisions and
ensure synchronization.
Message Delivery Options
Unicast Message = One-to-one delivery
Multicast Message = One-to-many delivery
Broadcast Message = One-to-all delivery
communications fundamentals
Message Source (Sender)
Channel
The medium through which the message is transmitted.
eg : Wired (ethernet cable), Wireless wifi, bluetooth)
The originator of the message.
eg : A computer sending an email
Message Destination (Receiver)
The intended recipient of the message.
eg : A smartphone receiving an email
Layered Models in Network Operations
Open System Interconnection (OSI)
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Similarities
share similar
architecture
share a common
application layer
both models have comparable transport and network layers
knowledge of both models is required by networking professionals
Differences
protocol standard
combines the OSI data link and physical layers into network access layer
a simpler model
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Access
Encapsulation and De-Encapsulation process
Encapsulation
adds headers and trailers to data as it moves down the layers of a network model
De-Encapsulation
removes headers and trailers as data moves up the layers at the receiving end