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Cardiovascular System Rosa Reyes p.5 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular System Rosa Reyes p.5
Major Components and functions of blood
Functions
- to
Transport
O2 and nutrients, metabolic wastes and hormones. also
Regulates
body temp, normal Ph and adequate fluid. lastly,
Protection
by preventing blood loss and infection
Components
-
Erythrocytes
RBC,
Leukocytes
WBC and
Platelets
ABO, Rh blood types
ABO is based on presence/ absence of two agglutinogens (A/B) on surface of RBC. Blood may contain performed anti-A or anti-B antibodies
Major functions of cardiovascular system
Delivers O2, nutrients, hormones, throughout the body.
Anatomy of the heart
Four chambers (two superior atria, two inferior ventricles), interatrial septum, interventricular septum, L/R Atrium, L/R Ventricle, Sup/ Inf Vena Cava. Semilunar valve, tricuspid valve, Mitral Valve, pulmonary valve
Layers of heart
Epicardium
(Visceral layer) -
Myocardium
(Circular/ spiral bundles of contractile cardiac muscle cells) -
Endocardium
(Inner most layer / lines heart chamber)
Blood flow through heart and body
Deoxygenated blood from body enters the Sup/Inf Vena Cava, enters Right Atrium then through the Tricuspid valve into the Right Ventricle. Exits through the Pulmonary Valve into Pulmonary Artery then into Lungs. Oxygenated blood enters Left Atrium through Pulmonary Veins then into Left Ventricle through Mitral Valve. Exits through Aortic Semilunar Valve into Aorta, and Aorta to rest of body.
Structural and functional differences vs. blood vessel types
Blood Vessels
- Delivery system of dynamic structures that begin and ends of heart (work with lymphatic system to circulate fluids)
Arteries
- Carry blood AWAY from heart ; oxygenated except for pulmonary circulation and umbilical vessels of fetus
Capillaries
- Direct contact with tissue cells; directly serve cellular needs
Veins
- Carry blood TO heart ; deoxygenated except for pulmonary circulation and umbilical vessels of fetus
Cardiac cycle and ECG
ECG
is a graphic recording of electrical activity.
P wave
(depolar of SA node),
QRS complex
( Ventricular depolar and atrial repolar)
T-wave
( Ventricular repolar)
P-R interval
( start of atrial excitation to start of ventricular excitation)
S-T segment
( entire ventricular myocardium depolarized) and
Q-T interval
( start of ventricular depolar through ventricular repolar)
Major blood vessels
Arteries
-
Elastic
(expand and recoil as blood is ejected from heart) ,
muscular
( distributing arteries) and
arterioles
( resistance and control blood flow into capillary beds)
Veins
-
Venules
(Capillaries united forming POSTcapillaries)
Vital signs
Systemic BP
- Highest in Aortic and declines throughout the pathway ; steepest drop in arterioles.
Arterial BP
-
Systolic
(pressure exerted in Aorta),
Diastolic
(lowest level of aortic)
Pulse
- Throbbing of arteries.
Radial pulse (wrist)
and
Pressure points (neck)
Disorders of cardiovascular system
Angina Pectoris
- Thoracic pain caused by fleeting deficiting in blood delivery to myocardium
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
- Prolonged coronary blockage