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Cardiovascular Karlie Casillas P.5 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular Karlie Casillas P.5
Major components & functions of Blood
Platelets
: fragments of larger ,megakarocyte
Leukocytes or WBCs make up less than 1% of total blood volume
Transport
: delivering )s and nutrients to body cells
Regulation
: maintaing body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat
Protection
: preventing blood loss and preventing infection
Erythrocytes
( red blood cells) 45% of whole blood
Leukocytes
( white blood cells)
Buffy Coat
: leukocytes and platelets
Plasma
: 55% of whole blood- least dense component
ABO, Rh blood types
ABO blood groups
(A and B) on surface of RBCs
Blood may contain performed anit-A or anto-B antibodies
Major functions of the cardiovascular system
Delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones
Maintain body tempature
Protecting against disease and infection
Pumping oxygenated blood to lungs and body
Maintain blood pressure and pulse
Layers of the heart
Pericardium:
double walled sac that surrounds heart
Epicardium
: visceral layer of serious pericardium
Myocardium
: circular or spiral bundles of contractile cardiac
Endocardium
: innermost layer
Blood flow through the heart and body
DEOXYGENATED
:Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus, right atrum, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary trunk, right and left pulmonary arteries, lungs
OXYGENATED:
4 pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, aorta, systemic circulation, deoxygenated.
Structural and functional differences between blood vessel types (arteries, veins, capillaries)
Arteries:
carry oxygenated blood away from your heart, have thick walls and a muscular layer
Veins
: carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart, have thinner meals and use valves to keep blood flowing
Capillaries
: transport blood between arteries and veins, the smallest and are inside tissues all throughout the body
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
P wave:
depolarization of SA node and atria
QRS complex:
ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
T wave
: ventricular repolarization
P-R interval:
beginning of atrial excitation to beginning of ventricular excitation
S-T segment:
entire ventricular myocardium depolarized
Q-T interval:
beginning of ventricular depolarization through ventricular repolarization
Systole
: period of heart contraction
Diastole
: period of heart relaxtion
Cardiac Cycle
: blood flow through heart during once complete heartbeat
Anatomy of the heart (including all chambers, and valves)
Right atrium:
receives blood from systemic circuit
Left atrium:
receives blood from pulmonary circuit
Right ventricle
: pumps through pulmonary circuit
Left ventricle
: pumps blood through systemic circuit
Base
: leans toward right shoulder
Apex
: points toward left hip
2 Superior Atria
2 inferior ventricles
Interstitial septum
: seperates atria
Interventricular septum
: separates ventricles
Vital signs (BP and Pulse)
Pulse
(throbbing of arteries due to a difference in pulse pressures, which can be felt under skin)
Vital signs
: pulse and blood pressure, respiratory rate and body temp
Radial Pulse
(wrist(: most commonly used
Pressure points
: areas where arteries are close to a body surface
Blood pressure is measured by using a sphygomanometer
Systolic pressure:
normally less than 120 mmHg
Diastolic pressure:
normally less than 80 mm Hg
Disorders of the Cardiovascular system
Hypertension:
sustained elevated arterial pressure of 140/90 or higher
Circulatory shock:
condition where blood vessels don't get filled enough and can't circulate blood normally
Edema
: abnormal increase in amount of interstitial fluid
Heart murmurs:
abnormal heart sounds heard when blood hits obstructions
Tachycardia:
abnormally fast heart rate
Bradycardia
: heart rate slower than 60 beats/min
Pericarditis
: inflammation of pericardium
Leukemias
- cancerous condition involving overproduction of abnormal WBCs
Bleeding disorders
: abnormalities that prevent normal clot formation
Major blood vessels (names arteries and veins)
Pulmonary artery:
carries oxygen-poor blood from right ventricle into left and right pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins:
carry oxygen-rich blood from your lungs to your heart
Aorta
: carries oxygen-rich blood from left ventricle, then goes into aorta branches and into rest of body
Superior Vena cava:
delivers oxygen-poor blood from upper body into right atrium
Inferior Vena cava:
Delivers oxygen-poor blood from lower body into right atrium