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ANXIETY AND ATTENTION - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Contingency - What percent of the outcome of a penalty shootout do you think is dependent on chance, and what percent is dependent on skill?
      - Competence - Rate your skill in taking / saving penalties from 0 (not skilled) to 10 (very skilled)
      - Control - To what extent do you expect to score the penalty? (0 to 10) and To what extent do you expect to cope with the stress? (0 to 10)
- - - - experts routines are more consistent than beginners (golf)
    - - found basketballers who followed a sequence have higher free throw success rate
- - - - Top-down processing involves the conscious control of attention, where we deliberately focus on specific information or actions. This is often the case when athletes focus on their skills or strategies.
      - Bottom-up processing is automatic and driven by external stimuli. This type of processing can draw attention to unexpected events or distractions, such as the crowd's noise, an opponent's actions, or an unexpected mistake.
- - - - “You can feel confident you will be able to climb effectively” (Self-efficacy)
      - “You have control over the skills required to climb the wall” (Control)
      - “Try your best to stay on the wall and get as high as you can” (Approach)
    - - “You obviously can’t be sure you will climb the wall effectively”
      - “How well you do on the task may be related to factors outside of your control”
      - “Try your best not to fall off the wall at any point” (Avoidance)
    - - 11/23 attended (48%)
      - Slightly higher ratings for self-efficacy and control
      - Higher cardiac output reactivity
      - Lower total peripheral resistance reactivity
    - - 7/23 attended (30%)
      - Slightly higher ratings for excitement, happiness, and helpfulness of emotion
      - Lower cardiac output reactivity
      - Higher TPR reactivity
  - - - Thought Suppression Condition: In this condition, participants were asked to avoid thinking about a specific unwanted thought. For instance, they may have been told to not think about missing the target, or not to think about failure. The goal was to trigger the ironic process in which the attempt to suppress those thoughts actually made them more prominent and disruptive to their performance.
      - Control Condition: Participants in the control group were either not given any instructions to suppress their thoughts or were given neutral instructions unrelated to thought suppression. This group did not have to actively avoid thinking about failure or mistakes, which allowed the researchers to compare the effects of suppression with baseline or normal performance.
      - participants in the suppression condition would show higher levels of anxiety, have more intrusive thoughts, and perform worse than those in the control group, in line with Ironic Process Theory