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Medical management of radiation injuries, Method - Coggle Diagram
Medical management of radiation injuries
Challenges
Rapid identification of radionuclide in the victim for treatment of internal contamination.
Delayed onset of skin injuries.
Future direction
Usage of chelating chemical agent to eliminate radionuclide
Research in suitable medicine
Recombinant human platelet growth factor for foster granulation and epithelization
Formation of recombinant of G-CSF, GM-CSF and pegylated G-CSF.
Use of antibiotic in radiation injuries and illnesses
Development of growth factor and other cytokines for human is complex
Supportive Care
Physiological support
Provide reassurance and explain medical procedures and prognosis to reduce anxiety.
Help patients and families cope with fears related to radiation exposure.
Offer access to support groups, psychologists, or therapists for ongoing care.
Infection Control
Patients should be placed in controlled ventilation rooms or sterile environments to minimize exposure to pathogens.
Use sterilized or specially prepared food and water to avoid ingestion of harmful microorganisms.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones, are recommended during the neutropenic period.
Daily fluconazole for oral candidiasis prophylaxis.
Skin and Mucosal Care
Use topical agents like silver sulfadiazine or steroids for moist reactions.
Sucralfate mouthwash to reduce pain and sensitivity.
Interferon gamma injections to reduce chronic fibrosis formation.
Types of
Radiation Syndromes
Cutaneous Syndrome (Skin and Tissue)
Chronic Effects : Fibrosis, Poor Healing Tissue Breakdown
Early Signs Syndroms :
Redness, Itching Blisters.
Gastrointernal System (Digestive Tract)
Symptoms : Nausea, Vomitting, Diarrhea
Complications : Dehydration, Septicema, Electrolyte Imbalance
Haematopoietic (Bone marrow)
Symptoms : Infection, Anemia , Bleeding
Drop In :
WBC , RBC, Platlets
Neurovascular Syndrome
Symptoms :
Confusion , Seizures,
Circulatory Collapse
Prognosis :
Fatal at high doses
Diagnosis
Diagnosis tools
Hematology tools
A complete blood count
Chromosome analysis equipment
Imaging tools
Chromosome analysis equipment
Thermal imager and laser Doppler imaging equipment
Radiation detection tool
Time
0-48h
After 48h
1week ago
Management approaches
Management of gastrointestinal injury
Treatment of gastrointestinal syndrome includes controlling symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and addressing the loss of the mucosal barrier.
Hematopoietic cell replacement therapy
For individuals with severe radiation exposure, stem cell transplantation may be considered
Stimulation of new cell production
For radiation-induced neutropenia, treatment with hematopoietic growth factors such as G-CSF, GM-CSF, and peg G-CSF is recommended.
Prevention and treatment of infection
Recovery from hematopoietic syndrome depends on prevention and treatment of infection in immunocompromised patients.
Management of skin lesions
Treatment of skin lesions focuses on preventing infection and promoting healing, and may include surgical debridement and skin grafting
Method
Laboratory diagnosis
FBC
Serum amylase levels
Chromosome aberration analysis
History collection and preliminary assessment
imaging and physical evaluation