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TOPIC ONE : FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION, Criticisms - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Durkheim
        
        School teaches children about the society they belong to and the history of their society - making them feel part of a community, rather than just as an individual.
        -->creating Social solidarity
      - Education system filters students according to ability & allocated the most important jobs to those with the highest grades --> role allocation
- - - - School is "work in miniature" which teaches obedience and authority which is needed within the work place
      - Myth of Meritocracy they argue as M/C children have external advantages [Eg : material and cultural] - Reproduces class inequalities --> The most important jobs are given to the m/c people
      - The correspondence principle is transmitted via the hidden curriculum
      - Correspondence principle --> Teaches pupils skills needed in the work place [eg : submission to authority]
      - Schools reflect the workplace :
        
        2] Submission to authority - obedience to teachers orders & acceptance of the school hierarchy
        
        3] Legitimise inequality - Disguises that economic success in family is what breeds priviledge in education system = high grades
        
        1] External rewards - Work for qualifications [wages] rather than for satisfaction
  - - - Eg : Academisation of schools -buying specialist support [SEN]
        Exam boards - private companies
        
        Claims this is the beginning of "business takeover"
- - - - Compared achievements of 60,000 pupils from low income HH in private skl compared to state skl
        --> Found pupils achieve about 5% better in private skl
        
        Solution : introduce mkt system in state ed so control is in the hands of parents and local communities
        --> Allows consumers to shape schools to meet own needs & improve quality and efficiency
- - - - Young ppl can take advantage of the wide job opportunities now available due to globalisation
        
        Expansion of post 16 ed & training - learning work-related skills = apprenticeship, Tech level, BTEC, etc
        
        Stronger emphasis on key skills - numeracy, literacy, communication, problem solving etc [CBI said most employers say that skl leavers lack these skills for a working life]
        
        Work exp programmes - transition from school into workplace= better understand work & economy
- - - - If student labelled "troublemaker" by teacher = more likely to be disciplined more harshly than their classmates
        BUT "bright" student will be given encouragement to help them succeed further
        
        Gillborn & Youdell found black p were more harshly disciplined than their white classmates for same behav --> black students felt that teacher had low expectations for them
        
        Becker came up w/ the idea of "ideal pupil " in which after interviewing 60 teachers, they saw m/c students closest to ideal Hempel -Jorgenson study found that in schools where discipline was a problem = the ideal pupil was based upon obedience & being quiet rather than on ability [the opposite was true for skls were discipline was not a problem]
        
        Can lead to SELF FULFILLING PROPHECY where student interalises the label and act in a way which reinforces the label
        
        Rosenthal & Jacobson study found that when students were labelled "bright" to the teachers --> those students ended up performed better as they are given more encouragement aiding them to do well
        
        "Pivotal identity" = CORE identity which teachers pivot around to interpret/ reinterpret students behav