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APUSH - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Jim Crow Laws: made everything segregated
      - Lynching was a huge issue
      - Ida B Wells; Advocated against lynching
      - Henry Turner: International Migration Society: facilitated Black travels to Liberia
      - Booker T Washington: Black people didnt need to fight for their equality via politics, needed economic equaltiy so they will stay safe at voting polls.
  - - - Farmers made more crops = crop prices drop, small farmers declined (out-competed from bigger farmers who could fancy equipment)
      - Farmers overall were getting screwed over: higher prices of industrial goods (things that farmers couldn't make themselves) and high railroad prices (for transport of crops)
        
        National Grange Movement: Pushed states to pass laws that regulated prices of goods and railroads = protected farmers
        Commerce Act: Regulated price of railroad rates (created ICC)
        Interstate Commerce Commission: enforce just and reasonable rail rates
    - - Kansas developed as a result of the railroads
    - - Set up barbed wire sections, ended era of romanticized cowboy image since they are no longer able to be free-range horse riders
      - Not the only way people gained land, some bought it from railroad companies as well
      - 1890: the Frontier is considered to be completely settled in
        
        Fredrick Jackson Turner: wrote Frontier Thesis, closing frontier = always a solution for disagreements in America (now it's gone so they'll devolve into Europeans who had no land to expand into) & taking away from American Identity
        
        Developed Reservation System: didn't work for nomadic tribes (who followed the bison BUT since they were all dead anyway many tribes went to reservations)
        
        Stayed on reservation unitl they were deemed good enough to integrate into American society
        
        Resistence: Sioux Wars: Federal government ended up restricting them more into smaller pieces of land
        
        Indian Appropriation Act: Ended federal recognition of Native American tribes
        
        Dawes Act: Abandoned reservations, forced Indians to farm land, allowed Indians to become US citizens if they promised to be assimilated
        
        Resistance: Ghose Dance Movement, dance that was supposed to bring back the ghosts of their ancestors to drive Americans out of their land
        
        Resistance: Wounded Knee, member of Lakota tribe was doing a Ghost Dance, caused someone to fire a gun and turned into a 200-person massacre
  - - - Carnegie: Vertical Integration: bought complimentary industries that support his business
      - Rockerfeller: Horizontal Integration: bought out competitors
      - Relied on underpaid workers: no government regulation for wages & hired women and children since corporations could be paid significantly less
      - Social Darwinism: weak companies are bought out by bigger companies, but this claim was refuted by Carnegie who wrote the Gospel of Wealth (God-given duty to re-invest in the population)
      - Could be called captian of industry (good) or robber barrons (bad)
    - - Standard of living was increased (higher wages signify this)
      - Workers could not voice their concerns: they would be fired and replaced by the sea of other people who want that job and won't complain about it
        
        Created labor unions: political action, slowdown, strikes
        
        Knights of Labor: anyone could be a member (white, black, male, female), goal to get rid of child labor
        
        American Federation of Labor (Samuel Gompers): higher wages, safer working conditions
        
        Great Railroad Strike: companies cut wages, union workers striked and shut down 60% of nation's railroads, Hayes sent troops to stabilize everything but still ended in great loss
        
        Pullman Strike: workers bargained for better wages, got fired instantly. Eugene V. Debs told his union to not work on cars that had Pulman cars attached to it --> attached them to trains that had federal mail and got everyone arrested
        
        Haymarket Stike: Knights of Labor peacefully protested 8 hour work shifts, a bomb went off and it was blamed on Knights of Labor
    - - Different than working class, their wages increased
        
        rise of leisure time and spending money; led to development of Coney Island & spectator sports (baseball, football)
  - - - greater questions/concerns about American identities
        
        Nativists: policy of protecting native born people
        
        Grew to become anti-Catholic
        
        Labor Unions: the white people feel threatened about job stability, they aren't willing to work for their wage but they knew that immigrants would
        
        Development of Social Darwinism: immigrants were racially inferior, they are degrading the gene pool since they're mating with superior Americans
        
        Chinese Exclusion Act: no more immigration from China
        
        Jane Addams: created settlement houses (Hull House); helped immigrants assimilate to American culture