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Accessibility and inclusion in PA - Coggle Diagram
Accessibility and inclusion in PA
Medical model
Pros
Benefit from medical advancement
Justifies investing resources in health care and related services
Faith in scientific and professional interventions
Cons
Unintended social devaluing of people
Charitable portrayal of people with medical conditions (pitiable, disempowered, negative)
Harms self-esteem and social inclusion of people with medical conditions
Disablism
discriminatory, oppressive or abusive behaviour arising from the belief that disabled people are
inferior
to others
Ableism
Explicit definition of "normal"
Devaluation of those who do not attain expectations
Othering disabled people
Social model
Pros
De-pathologizing "disability
Promotes access, equity, social inclusion, sense of community and pride
highlights marginalized group
Changes practices (universal design, inclusive programs, positive attitudes)
"work with"/"work by" instead of "work for"
interdependence and help
Cons
individual experiences may be underestimated (i.e. pain)
ignoring the diversity of subjective experiences in society
wrong to presume that all activity restrictions have a social basis
Power imbalance and creation of outsiders from social activism
Marginalization within the disabled people's movement
Discrimination
Direct and perception discrimination
Harassment, bullying, violence, exclusion
Indirect and associated discrimination
Inaccessible facilities
Barriers
Attitudinal
Organizational or systemic
Architectural
information or communication
Technological
Universal design
Principle 1: Equitable use
Useful to people with diverse abilities
Principle 2: Flexibility in use
Provide choice and variety in methods of use
Principle 3: Simple and intuitive use
Easy to use (regardless of language, concentration, knowledge), limit confusion
Principle 4: perceptible information
Easy to understand, communicates necessary information effectively
Principle 5: Tolerance for error
minimize hazards, prepare to failure/emergency
Principle 6: Low physical effort
Used efficiently and comfortably
Principle 7: size and space for approach and use
accomodate diverse body size, posture and mobility
Diversity is disability experience
Diversity in individual life contexts
Diversity in life contexts
Diversity in medical conditions, impairments
Biopsychosocial model of disability
Experienced by interactions amongst diverse personal, medical, constitutional, socio-cultural and socio-environmental factors