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biology 13.3 (3A midterm 2 trimestre 2), Archea and Bacteria - Coggle…
biology 13.3 (3A midterm 2 trimestre 2)
origin of life
cells similar to todays bacteria from 3.7 billion years
earth was still cooling and atmosphere devoid of oxygen, cells were like those that make up bacterium
procaryotic cells
ruled unchallenged untill 1.8 billion years ago new structures appeared in larger cells
eukaryotic cells
(more than one cell)
even today rappresent most biodiversity on earth
hystory of life on earth
difference between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell is the first basic difference
between all living beings,
classification system is based on relationships identified by the study of evolution which explaines both similarities and differences
phylogic trees
animals
eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic organisms.
95% is represented by invertebrates, organisms without a vertebral column.
They appeared in the waters of seas and oceans more than 600 million years ago.
vertebrates have a backbone
invertebrates
jointed leggs makes them arthropods
arachnids(8), crustaceans(many legs and 2 sets of antennea), insects(6 legs, wings, three body parts, one pair of antenea), myriapods(many legs and body segments)
plants
They are eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic(can make its own food from simple chemical substances) organisms.
99.5% of biomass of all living matter
They are made up of eukaryotic cells with walls and chloroplasts.
the first primitive algae (common ancestors) date back before 500 million years ago.
kingdom plants, divided into 4 groups: phyla(bryphite, pteridophytes), ferns(gymnosperms, angiosperms(flowering plants))
mosses(bryophytes), plants without
vascular conductors,
vascular plants with xylem and phloem(pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms)
ferns-felci(pteridofite)
1 more item...
flowering plants(angiosperme)
1 more item...
taxonomy(classification of living organisms)
initially put forward by
Linneo
Based on structural, morphological and
functional affinities
nomenclatura binominale(
genere
con prima
lettera maiuscola
e
specie
in
minuscolo
)
categorie gerarchiche: organismi organizzati in gruppi gerarchici (regno, classe, ecc)
cell number, nucleus(eukayotic)?, cell wall?, chlorophyll?, make food
Archea and Bacteria
first life form on earth
appear in archeozoic age
prokaryotic(only one cell)