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Introduction and review - Coggle Diagram

- - - - individual sport athletes are 3-4x more likely to develop eating disorders
  - - - Influence sleep, recovery and mental acuity
- - - - use of sport foods to prepare for, fuel and refuel and rehydrate from workouts and games
        
        A small boost from a few ergogenic aids: creatine and caffeine
  - - - nutritional evidence are often biased due to conflict of interest
- - - - Monosacchrides
      - Disaccharides/oligosaccharides
      - polysaccharides
      - 4kcal/g
      - Acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR)
        
        45-65% of energy intake
      - largely as starch and other complex carbs
    - - Types of triglycerides
        
        Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
        
        saturated FAs
        
        Monounsaturated FAs
        
        Polyunsaturated FAs
        
        Cis
        
        Want more of
        
        Trans
        
        Constitutes < 2% of total energy
      - 9kcal/g
      - AMDR
        
        20-35% of energy intake
        
        <15% difficult to get enough energy
        
        35% risks overeating
      - Need fat to breakdown fat soluble vitamins
      - Essential FAs: omega 3 and 6
      - Biological imperative: cell membrane(phospholipid)+need fat to produce hormone
    - - Amino acids to act as building blocks
      - 16% nitrogen
      - 9 essential amino acids
        
        "PVT TIM HaLL" - private tim hall
      - Biological value (protein quality)
        
        proportion of absorbed protein that is retained by the body
      - 4 kcal/g
      - AMDR
        
        10-35% of energy
      - Metabolism of AA is not efficient
      - Recommended daily allowance (RDA)
        
        0.8 g/kg/day
        
        not enough for athletes
        
        RDA= an intake level that makes the least amount of Canadians sick
    - - 7kcal/g
      - not a requirement in our diet
      - no amount is safe
      - metabolism of alcohol drives it mostly to fat
  - - - Fat soluble
      - Water soluble
    - - Differences in geographical sources
  - - - Soluble fibers
      - Insoluble fibers
  - - - Kilocalories (Calories) per saving
      - kcal per 100g
    - - Nutrient dense
        
        Turkey sandwich + apple + cheese = 660kcal
        
        Good amount and distribution between various nutrients
      - energy dense
        
        Medium pepperoni pizza = 1700 calories
        
        Concentrated in one form of macronutrients
    - - body size
      - Body composition
      - Type of training
      - 5-8 calories/minute for normal activities of daily living