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EY W5 language and literacy - Coggle Diagram
EY W5 language and literacy
what is language
symbolic communication- rule governed, conventional, arbitrary
social- human communication- more advanced
intellectual
doesnt have to be spoken- written language, sign language
basic components of language
phonology- perception and production of sounds used in language, smallest used of sound, speech is a continuous stream (children can pick up a separate words from young only if they are exposed to them early
orthography- graphemes (smallest unit of text that is meaningful, letter correspond to phonemes), rules of combination (corresponding to phonology, specifically orthographic rules, ex: adding e= bathe-bathe, mat-mate)
semantic- meanings encoded in language, smallest meaningful unit, ex: dog (s), bound plural suffix, when it stands at the end of a word it pluralises it, words (multiple meaning, eg roll)
pragmatics- non-linguistics, considers communicative function, adjusting language for context (speech vs writing, text vs academic essay), social conversations (turn-taking)
grammar
how we construct words and sentences so they have meaning
stages of language development
prelinguistic- new born
new-born- reflexive vocalisations
1 month- discriminate, any sound they are exposed to can be distinguished and able to produce later on, different cries for different situations (parent can recognise and respond)
2-3 months- coo,smile, laugh
prelinguistic- first year
4-6 months- babbling, repetition of sounds, cross cultural, joint attention, turn taking (demonstrated by adults when they are quiet when infant talks), gaze following
6-9 months- canonical babbling, similar across cultures, reduplicated babbling
9-12 months- modulated babbling, using different sounds bound together, increasingly sound like words, can stress different syllables, begins taking active role
pointing from 8 months
first words
initially very slow- 1-3 words per month
18-24 months= 10-20 words per week
6 years- 15000 words
literacy- ability to read and write
written language- develops after spoken, not all humans acquire easily, requires explicit education, development=matching written to spoken
alphabetical stage- 5+ year, use phoneme-grapheme correspondences, convert to known spoken words