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Chapter 2 EST - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 2 EST
Chemical Bonds
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Two atoms will come together and form a bond because they have a tendency to gain or lose one or more electrons to satisfy their tendencies and achieve a satisfied outermost shell
Ionic Bonds
Bonds in which one or more electrons are TRANSFERRED from one atom (metal) to another atom (nonmetal)
One atom will lose one or more electrons while the other atom will gain one or more electrons, thus resulting in two ions, one POSITIVE and one NEGATIVE
In the ball and stick model, ionic bonds do not have sticks. The positive and negative signs of the ions must be shown.
In the Lewis structure, the chemical formula of the atom that lost the electron will have no dots around it, as it gave away its valence electrons. The other will have eight dots around it
Although ions have positive and negative charges, the ion is general is neutral. In other to attain this, the cross-over rule is useful, to find the correct ratio
Covalent Bonds
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In a ball and stick model, the amount of sticks in between the atoms depend on the number of bonds (e.g. double bond, triple bond...)
Two atoms looking to obtain a satisfied outermost shell will share one or more of their valence electrons with each other, in order to have eight.
Polar covalent bonds, aka unequal covalent bonds have a partial positive and a partial negative side because the electron pairs are not shared equally as some atoms have a stronger force of attraction for electron pairs than others
A polyatomic ion is a group of two or more chemically bonded atoms that has become electrically charged by losing or gaining one or more electrons
Rules of Nomenclature
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Ionic compounds
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3) DONE-NO PREFIXES
when a Polyatomic ion is present, the name of the ion is UNCHANGED
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Chemical notation
Rules
A chemical formula is a symbolic representation of a molecule that identifies the element involved and how many atoms of each are present
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3) Add the appropriate subscripts after the symbols to specify the number of atoms or ions of each element necessary so that they each form all the bonds it needs to have the electron configuration of a noble gas