Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Biology, Patterns of Inheritance, Diversity: From Simple to Complex,…
Biology
Animals: Structure and Function
The Respiratory System
Pharynx
*Air flows to
Trachea
*Then
Bronchus
*Then
Bronchiole
1 more item...
Respiration
*Part of respiration/breathing
Inspiration
Expiration
*Has this process occur
Gas Exchange
*Occurs in alveoli and is run by
Diffusion Gradient
The Circulatory System
*Work together
Blood Vessels
Blood
Heart
*Found in the heart
Semilunar Valve
Atrioventricular Valve
Blood Pressure
*Measured using a
Sphygmomanometer
*Heart movements during process are distinguished between
Diastolic Pressure
Systolic Pressure
The Digestive System
Essential Nutrients
*Is an essential nutrient
Lipid
Macromolecules
*Types of carbs that are types of macromolecules
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
Alimentary Canal
*Pathway food takes, starting with
Mechanical Digestion
*Helps break down food
Saliva
*Secreted from
1 more item...
Evolution
Developing a Theory of Evolution
Fossil Record
*Provides evidence of
Transitional Fossil
Vestigial Structures
*Existed in ancestors but not modern species
*Provides evidence for
Evolution
*Also leads to
Survival of the Fittest
Descent With Modification
*Also a key principle
Paleontology
*Study of ancient life for fossil record
*Suggests, that it may have influenced the fossil record
Catastrophism
*Lamarck's Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characters influences the idea of
Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
Evolution and Speciation
Punctuated Stability
*Slow and steady changes in a species overtime
Gradualism
Disruptive Selection
*Increases likelihood of
Speciation
Gene Flow
*Movement of gene populations tend to have random fluctuations called
Genetic Drift
*Genetic drift can affect this group too
*Small group starting population, affected by genetic drift called
Founder Effect
Non-Random Mating
*Occurs when mates choose partners on specific traits
*Leads to
Sexual Selection
Convergent Evolution
*Evolving similar traits leading to
Analogous Structures
Allopatric Speciation
*Occurs when species are geographically separated
Geographic Isolation
Introducing Evolution
*Another adaptation
Extinct
*Become extinct due to the inability for
Adaptation
Selective Advantage
*Plays an important role
Natural Selection
Mimicry
Monoculture
Biotechnology
*Uses techniques like
Artificial Selection
*Another method that is
CONNECTION:
Unit 3 and Unit 4
Mutation
*A mutation can alter hemoglobin to cause
Sickle Cell Anemia
CONNECTION:
Unit 2 and Unit 4
Selective Breeding
*Can help create better nutrient profiles
*A positive impact on
Digestive System
CONNECTION:
Unit 3 and Unit 4
Mutation
*Can cause
Diabetes
*Which affects the blood and Endocrine System
CONNECTION:
Unit 2 and Unit 3
Karyotype
*Show information regarding chromosome numbers
*If abnomal, it may lead to
Evolution
Diversity of Living Things
Genetic Processes
Patterns of Inheritance
Cross
*Consists of
F1 Generation
F2 Generation
P Generation
Trait
*Studies the inheritance
*Types of alleles for a trait
Dominant
Recessive
Monohybrid Cross
Punnett Square
*Predicts possible types of
Genotypes
Phenotypes
Gene Therapy
*A medical application treated by a
Genetic Counsellor
*Who also uses
Pedigree
Diversity: From Simple to Complex
Archaeon
Bacteria
*The shapes and forms it may come in
Bacillus
Coccus
*A process in which it produces methane
Methanogenesis
Virus
*Protective coat surrounding virus
Capsid
*Relying on host cell to do this process
Replication
Multicellular Diversity
Plants
Angiosperm
*Flowering Plants
Flowers
*Two main types of angiosperm
Monocot
Dicot
Bilateral Symmetry
Sporic Reproduction
*Two types of stages
Bryophyte
Gametophyte
Gymnosperms
*Produces
__
rather than fruit
Cone
*Most animals exhibit this
Invertebrate
Vertebrate
*A fluid filled body cavity found in animals with bilateral symmetry
Coelom
Mammary Glands
*Are endothermic
Endothermy
Classifying Life's Diversity
Species
*Are categorized by
Hierarchical Classification
*Has names for each category such as:
Phylum
Class
Order
Kingdom
Domain
Family
Genus
Species
Phylogenetic Tree
*Shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Cell Division/Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
*Has this in the process
Gametes
*Causes
Fertilization
*Creates
Zygote
*Gametes are
Haploid
Genetics
*All are body cells besides gametes
Somatic Cells
*Contains a specific amount
Chromosomes
Gametes
Centrosomes
*Organizes
Spindle Fibres
Complex Patterns of Inheritance
Bioinformatics
*Studies
Genomics
*Applied to create a
Genetic Profile
Incomplete Dominance
*Shows a blend of phenotypes
Heterozygous
Codominance
Sex-Linked Traits
*Are determined by
Linked Genes