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Amino Acids - Coggle Diagram
Amino Acids
Polar Amino Acid
Aliphatic: Serine, Threonine
Amidic: Asparagine, Glutamine
All hydrophilic (bar tryosine, but is more hydrophilic than Phe)
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Amino acids
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Essential group: Not produced by body, acquired via dietary/supplementry means
Conditionally non-essential:Produced by body in low amounts, outside supplements may be required
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Proteins
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then used to make hormones, enzymes, other proteins
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Few amino acids can't be produced by body, must be aquired via dietary source
Basic Amino Acids
Histidine – imidazole ring protonated/ionized, only amino acid that functions as buffer in physiol range
Lysine - diamino acid, protonated at pH 7.0, side chain amino group attached to aliphatic hydrocarbon tail
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Arginine - guanidinium ion always protonated, most basic amino acid. Guanidino group bonded to aliphatic hydrocarbon tail
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pH & pKa
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pKa is the negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) and indicates the strength of an acid. The relationship is given by:pKa= -log10 Ka
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The smaller the pKa value, the stronger the acid, meaning it dissociates more readily in solution.
The smaller the pKa value, the stronger the acid, meaning it dissociates more readily in solution.
Acidic Amino Acids
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Negatiely charged at physiological pH, present a conjugate bases
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Non-Polar Amino Acid
Aliphatic: Alanine, Glycine, Valine, etc
Aromatic: Phenylalanine, Tryptophan
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A.A as Acids & Bases
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In free amino acid, at neutral pH: Carboxyl group negative charge, amino group positiv charge, if A.A doesn't have charged group on side chain, no net charge (Zwitterion)
Acids ar proton (H+) donor, Bases are proton (H+) acceptors
A.A Classification
Nutrition: Essential, Conditionally non-essential & non-essential
Catabolism: Glucogenic, Ketogenic or both
R-Group: Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic, Acidic & Basic