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Hydraulics - Coggle Diagram
Hydraulics
Hydrodynamics
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Momentum
Pipe acts on the flow, changing its direction, so flow acts on the pipe
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Hydrostatics
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Pascal's law
It states that any pressure applied to the surface of a fluid is transmitted uniformly throughout the fluid in all directions, in such away that initial variations in pressure are not changed.
Therefore, the gradual pressure changep in a small enclosed volume of liquid expands in all directions and passes on all points of liquid without any change.
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Hydro static Force
force resulting from the hydrostatic pressure acting on the wet surface of the hydraulic structure construction
PRESSURE PRISM is a prismatic volume above the surface area with local altitudes given by the distances z from-water level.
Hydrostatic paradox - force on the bottom of a container is independent of the shape of the walls (only relies on depth)
Buoyant Force
Force exerted by a liquid at rest on a submergedor floating BODY. It is the hydrostatic force and hence it is caused bythe hydrostatic pressure ph.
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Hydraulic Structures
Types
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Bridges
Piers take away flow energy: less opening, narrow piers = good
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Groundwater
Recharged with rain, discharged into rivers, reservoirs, etc
Groundwater = all the water beneath the water table (i.e., in the saturated zone) and above the water table (i.e., in the unsaturated zone, vadose zone, zone of aeration).
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Unsaturated zone: Aquifers in which the pore space is filled partially with liquid phase (water), and partially with gas phase.
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