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Waves - Nature of light - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Transverse waves
    - - Electromagnetic waves
- - - - wavelength
        
        which can be found using
        
        wave equation ( c = (λ)(f) )
        where c is the constant for speed of light, f is the frequency and λ is the wavelength.
    - - frequency
    - - Amplitutude
    - - Speed of light
- - - - Reflection
        
        when a light wave bends it does not refract and instead reflects back into the first medium called
        
        total internal reflection
        
        the incident angle at which light is totally reflected along the medium is called
        
        critical angle
        
        calculated by
        
        1 more item...
    - - Refraction
        
        desribed by
        
        Snell's law
        
        to determine how much a wave’s speed is slowed compared to the speed of light in a vacuum it is called
        
        Index of refraction
        
        calculated by
        
        n = c / v
        where c is the constant and v is the wave's speed.
    - - Diffraction
        
        refers to the bending of light as it passes through a narrow slit and spreads out, creating a pattern of alternating bright and dark bands on a screen called
        
        Single slit diffraction
        
        calculates
        
        fringes spacing
        
        between fringes helps to find
        
        seperation angle ; maximum or minimum
        
        occurs when light passes through multiple slits called
        
        Multi slit diffraction
        
        when many slits are spaced very close together it is called
        
        diffraction grating
        
        when incident light passes through the grating it is called
        
        Transmission grating
        
        when incident light is reflected off a surface with many grooves it is called
        
        Reflective grating
    - - Inteference
        
        when waves cancel each other out it is called
        
        Destructive interference
        
        when waves combine to form a larger amplitude it is called
        
        Constructive interference
        
        can be produced by
        
        Young's double slit experiment
        
        the difference in path length of the rays creates fringes
        by
        
        the difference in path length of the rays creates fringes by
        
        to measure the distances from the sources to the point on the first nodal line it is called
        
        Two point interference
        
        between the fringes it can help to calculate
        
        Seperation angle
        
        between fringes it can help to calculate
        
        Path length
    - - Polarization
        
        described by
        
        Types of polarization
        
        where direction of E-field is constant
        
        Linear
        
        where direction of e-field rotates every time
        
        Circular
        
        where direction of E-field changes randomly
        
        Unpolarized
        
        this light can be described by
        
        1 more item...
        
        can be described by
        
        Applications of polarization
        
        includes
        
        3D glasses
        
        includes
        
        Photography
        
        includes
        
        polarized glasses
    - - Thin films; also referring to thin film interference
        
        calculates
        
        film thickness
        
        Phase shift between waves
        
        where destructive is found by
        
        𝛿 2 − 𝛿 1 = 𝑚 + 1/2
        
        where constructive is found by
        
        𝛿 2 − 𝛿 1 = 𝑚
- - - - Fiber optics
    - - Laser lights
    - - Spectometers