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biology S1 - Coggle Diagram
biology S1
B07 Human nutrition
digestion processes
Egestion
Ingestion
Assimilation
Absorption
Digestion
vocab
Obesity
Malnutrition
BMI
Basal Metabolic Rate
nutritents
fat
protein
vitamin C
vitamin D
Iron
Fiber
Water
types of digestion
Chemical digestion
Mechanical digestion
human organs & role in digestion
mouth
salivary glands
esophagus
liver
stomach
small intestine
villus
pancreas
large intestine
appendix
duodenum
rectum
anus
teeth
types
canine
premolar & molar
incisor
cavity
B02 Organisation of the organism
Cell structures
Ribosome
mitochondria
Nucleus
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cell
System
Organ
Tissue
Cell
Important specialized cells
sperm cells
egg cells
B01 Characteristics and classification of living organisms
7 Features of living organisms
Movement: an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place
Reproduction: the processes that make more of the same kind of organism
Sensitivity: the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make appropriate responses
Respiration: chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy for metabolism
Excretion: the removal of toxic materials (the waste products and metabolism-a reaction in cell, and substances in excess of requirements) from organisms
Growth: a permanent increase in size and mass by an increase in cell number or cell size
Nutrition: the taking in of materials for energy, growth for development
Respiration vs Breathing
Classification system
Binomial system
a naming system based on classification system
scientific name made up of genus (always capital) + species (always lower case)
5 Kingdoms
Animal
vertebrates
Mammals
fur/hair on skin
young feed on milk from mammary glands
give birth to young
warm blooded
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Fish
feature: have a backbone
special examples:
invertebrates
Anthropods
Myriapods
Crustaceans
Insects
Arachnids
features
multicellular
animal cell:
contains a nucleus
contains ribosomes on rough endoplasmic reticulum around the nucleus
contains cytoplasm that fills up the space
contains mitochondria (hot-dog like)
contains cell membrane as the outermost layer
feed on organic substances
Plants
features
multicellular
feed by photosynthesis
plant cell
contains a nucleus
vs animal cell
contains a vacuole, animal cell don't
contains a cell wall made from cellulose, animal cell don't
contains chloroplasts, animal cell don't
contains mitochondria (hot-dog like)
contains cytoplasm that fills up the space
contains ribosomes on rough endoplasmic reticulum around the nucleus
contains cell membrane as the outermost layer
Prokaryote
Fungi
Protoctists
sequence of classification
Kindom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
1 more item...
allows the subdivision of living organisms to smaller and more specialized groups, where they share more and more common features
Dichotomous Keys
used to identify organisms based on a series of questions about their features.
in each question presented with two descriptions, each choice will led to another question or the name of the organism
aim to reflect evolutionary relationships between species
the more features shared of two species
the more closely related
the more common ancestor
the more similar the base sequences in the DNA
old classification using morphology & anatomy lead to errors
Monocots & Dicots
B05 Enzymes
catalyst
Active site
Substrate
human enzymes
amylase
protease
lipase
maltase
B06 Plant nutrition
Photosynthesis
Leaf structure
chlorophyll
substances & usage
B04 Biological molecules
Nutrients
fiber
carbohydrate
fat
water
protein
vitamin
Polymer & Monomer
DNA
Gene
Chromosomes
Nucleus
Cell
B03 Movement in and out of cells
Passive transport
Diffusion
factors
usages
Osmosis
Active transport