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HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEMS - Coggle Diagram
HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEMS
Computer language and function.
When we communicate ur memorise a sentence or make calculations. We use a lot of different simbols, sounds and images, computers only usr the numbers 0 and 1.This is known as the binary sistem.
The smallest unit of information thet we can store in a computer is called bit (b), wich is the abbreviation of binary digit. Eight bits together form a byte (B). Diferent multiples of a byte are used to store information.
1.1. Computer functions.
We use the name hardware for the physical components of the computer system that we use and those we can touch and move. like the mouse and the keyboard. Software or programs refer to the data and the instructions we use tu manage thet data.
Computer elements.
2.1. Microprocessor.
Computer history is very closely linked to the development of intrgrated circuits or chips. The microprocessor is an integrated circuit made up of millions of tiny transistors working together to process the instructions and data received from the memory.
Todays microprocessors can process 64 bits at a time.
The clock rate sets the pace at wich processesare completed. The clock continuously generate electrical impulses.
Every time the microprocessor receives an impulse it carries out an operation.
A microprocessor's power also depends on its cache memory and the speed at wich it communicates with the RAM.
2.2. Memory and units of storage.
RAM.
Computers main memory is RAM (ramdom acces memory).
Cache memory.
RAM cannot work at the sam speed as the microprocessor, so a much faster memory is installed between the RAM and the microprocessor: the cache memory. The cache memory stores the data that the micropeocessor uses most often.
ROM BIOS.
When you turn on your computer, it automatically checks the system. This initial check is carried using instructions stored in a special read only memory: the ROM BIOS. lf everything is correct, the BIO starts thE operating system in the
main memory so that this system can take control of the computer.
Storage devices.
The RAM stores data temporaly whan you turn of the computer, this data disappears. We use data storge units to permanently save this data.
2.3. Motherboard and connecting devices.
Inside the computer you will find a large board, we call it the motherboard. All the components of the computer are connected to it.
Software and operating systems
There are various types of software
Operating systems
Manage the system resources, making them vailable for use by the user and the applications.
Application
It have various types like Word, Excel, Pint, Acess and Power Point among others.
Programming languages
This programs can be used to create other programs and applications.
Windows operating system.
Installing and uninstalling programs.
Hard disc maintenance.
Saving power.
System updates.
Linux operating system.
Installing and uninstalling programs.
System updates.
Computer networks.
6.1. Elements in a network.
Adaptor or network card.
Hub or switch.
Transmision medium (cable).
Sharing resources in Windows.
Sharing a printer.
Sharing files and folders.
Sharing resources in Linux.
Sharing a computer.
Sharing a printer.
Sharing folders.
