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Introduction to Hydrocarbons(Ammar) - Coggle Diagram
Introduction to Hydrocarbons(Ammar)
Organic compounds
It was thought that they could not be man made.
This theory was called Vitalism
Anything that has a base of carbon with few exceptions
Carbonates
Carbides
Carbon Oxides
Disproven by Wöhler
He created Urea in a lab
Hydrocarbons and bonding
Carbon ALWAYS shares its 4 electrons when bonding
In organic compounds, Carbons bonds with hydrogen or atoms near carbon in the periodic table
Carbon can also bond to thousand of other carbon atoms
Carbon forms complex, branched chain structures, ring structures, and even cage-like structures
Refining Hydrocarbons
Fossil fuels such as Petroleum are a great source for hydrocarbons
Petroleum is basically the remains of organisms from millions of years ago
Over time these organisms are crushed by the layers of earth on top of them eventually turning them into petroleum
However Petroleum has to be refined before it can be used
Fractional distillation happens in a chamber that goes up to about 400 degrees celsius
The temperature decreases as you go up in this chamber.
This is done through fractional distillation which involves boiling petroleum and collecting the different products as they boil at different temperatures.
Cracking is also done. Cracking is the process done to meet demands of any of the Hydrocarbons. Cracking involves breaking larger molecules into smaller here with the absence of oxygen and the presence of a catalyst.
Hydrocarbons
These are the simplest organic compounds
Consist of only Carbon and Hydrogen
There are thousand of Hydrocarbons, the simplest of which is Methane which is one carbon bonded with four hydrogen atoms
Saturated Hydrocarbons have single bonds
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons have at least one double or triple bond