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Demographic Transition Model - Coggle Diagram
Demographic Transition Model
Stage 1
Both birth rates and death rates are high, leading to a stable population size.
Reasons, Limited access to healthcare, high infant mortality, lack of contraception, and high birth rates due to cultural or economic factors.
No country is currently in this stage, but some pre-industrial societies or remote tribes may exhibit some of the characteristics of Stage 1.
Stage 2
Death rates start to decline due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition, while birth rates remain high. This results in rapid population growth.
Improved living conditions, better public health, and advances in agriculture.
Many countries in the sahel are in Stage 2.
stage 3
Birth rates begin to decline as a result of changes in social norms, better access to contraception, and urbanization. Death rates continue to decline, but at a slower pace. Population growth continues, but at a slower rate.
Economic development, increased education, especially for women, and greater access to family planning.
India, Mexico, and other developing nations are in Stage 3.
stage 4
Both birth rates and death rates are low, leading to a stable or slow-growing population.
High levels of industrialization, urbanization, education, and healthcare. People tend to have fewer children due to lifestyle changes and financial considerations.
Most developed countries, including the United States, Japan, and most of Europe, are in Stage 4.
stage 5
Birth rates fall below death rates, leading to a natural decrease in population size unless offset by immigration. This stage reflects an aging population.
Further socioeconomic development, high cost of living, widespread use of contraception, and delayed childbearing.
Some European countries like Germany, Italy, and Japan are in Stage 5, with declining populations.