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Hazards topic - Coggle Diagram
Hazards topic
Climate Change
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Volcanic eruptions: Release greenhouse gases and particulates that can warm or cool the Earth temporarily.
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Tectonics
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Inner Core: Solid, primarily iron and nickel.
Outer Core: Liquid, generates Earth's magnetic field.
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Crust: Thin, solid outer layer. It's divided into tectonic plates.
Plate Tectonics Theory
The Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that float on the semi-molten mantle. Plates move due to convection currents in the mantle, caused by heat from the Earth's core.
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Constructive (Divergent) Boundary: Plates move apart. Magma rises to fill the gap, creating new crust (e.g., Mid-Atlantic Ridge).
Destructive (Convergent) Boundary: Plates move towards each other. Oceanic crust is subducted beneath continental crust, forming volcanoes and trenches (e.g., Andes Mountains).
Conservative (Transform) Boundary: Plates slide past each other, causing friction and earthquakes (e.g., San Andreas Fault).
Collision Boundary: Two continental plates collide, forming mountain ranges (e.g., Himalayas).
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Primary Impacts: Immediate effects (e.g., destruction of buildings, loss of life).
Secondary Impacts: Long-term consequences (e.g., disease, economic loss).
Tropical storms
Tropical storms are intense low-pressure systems with strong winds and heavy rain. They form over warm ocean waters near the equator and are known by different names in various regions:
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Location: Between 5° and 20° latitude, where the Coriolis effect is strong enough to create rotation.
Extreme Weather
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Flooding: Caused by heavy rain, storms, or melting snow.
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Storms: Including hurricanes, tornadoes, or severe gales.
Snow and Ice: Heavy snowfall, freezing rain, or icy conditions.
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Extreme weather affects people, the economy, and the environment:
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