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时态及三单、就近、就远 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 现在完成时
        
        since + 时间点——并没有具体说明是否持续，现在完成与现在进行都可
      - 现在完成进行时
        
        since + 时间点——明确说明会持续下去
- - - - 被动语态：The road was being repaired at five yesterday afternoon
      - 强调“过去”某一时刻
      - 主动语态：I was watching TV at home when he knocked on my door
      - 从句与主句时态表示一致
    - - 强调“将来”的某一时刻
      - 出现this time tomorrow、this time next day等提示词
      - At 6 o'clock tomorrow morning，the alarm will be ringing up
    - - 出现at moment、now、at present等词时
      - 与always连用——be always doing
      - 感官动词——look、see、listen + ！出现时——Look！、Listen！
      - when引导的时间状语强调“现在”某一时刻，主句用现在进行时
      - 强调“现在”某一时刻
      - now
        
        现在进行时情况
        
        Now he is watching the London Olympic
        
        一般现在时情况
        
        Mobile phone become an indispensable tool now
      - 被动语态：The girl is being looked by me
      - 主动语态：I am looking at the girl
  - - - 被动语态：A game had watched by me by 7 o'clock yesterday
      - 过去发生的事情对后来的事情造成影响
      - 主动语态：I had loved the girl before she left
    - - 被动语态：The work have been finished by tomorrow
      - 表示将来某一时刻已经完成的事情
      - 主动语态：I will have finished my homework next week
    - - 主动语态：I have watched a game
      - 被动语态：A game has been watched by me
      - 前者对后者产生影响：I haven't brought a book to the classroom，and I am criticized by the teacher
      - 出现提示词
        
        yet
        
        many/three/four times
        
        到目前为止——so far、up to now
        
        recently
        
        for + 时间段、since + 时间点、by the time
        
        in recently years
  - - - 描述过去发生的事情——讲故事般的表达
      - 过去发生如今已经不复存在的事情
      - 从句与主句时态表示一致
      - 出现yesterday、last year、just now、ago、once等表过去的词
      - 被动语态：The book was written by me
      - 主动语态：I loved the girl
    - - 当位移动词（来去）作为谓语时，可使用进行时表示将来(be doing)——we are arriving at .......
      - 将来会发生的事情
      - 主动语态：I will love the girl
      - 被动语态：The work will be finished tomorrow
    - - 描述时刻表，交通工具、店铺时间等
      - 出现每一天、每一年、经常重复的动作；often、always等
      - 表真理、名言、事实等客观存在的事实
      - 主句用将来时或表将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表将来——主将从现
      - 没有特殊提示词
      - 主句出现情态动词或主句为祈使句，从句使用一般现在时
      - 被动语态：The book is written by me
      - 主动语态：I like the girl
    - - 名词性从句——主句用一般过去时，从句用would/should do 表示过去将来时
      - You promised me yesterday that you would get into your ideal university next year
  - - - I have been looking for my book
      - 表过去持续现在还未结束，且会持续下去
    - - by the time Jane arrived ，we had been waiting for 3 hour
      - 表过去持续到现在并已经结束的动作
- - - - Every seat has been cleaned
      - Watching movies with friends is interesting
      - The milk is in the glass
      - What you did is wrong
  - - - 动词复数与名词复数相反
      - 名词 + s ——复数；动词 + s ——单数
    - - 时间、金钱、距离等词作主语 ——单数形式
      - many a + n. / more than one + n. ——单数形式
      - 动名词或动名词短语作主语 ——单数形式
      - every/each + A and every/each + B 作主语 ——单数形式
      - art. + A and art. + B ——两个不同人、物 ——复数形式
      - art. + A and B ——双重身份——单数形式
      - every/each + 可数名词单数 ——单数形式
      - both A and B ——两者都 ——复数形式
    - - the only one of + 可数名词复数形式 + 定语从句 ——单数形式
      - one of + 可数名词复数形式 + 定语从句 ——复数形式
    - - quantity of
        
        quantities of —— 复数，修饰可数和不可数
        
        quantity of —— 单数，修饰不可数时
      - A of B结构
        
        取决于“A”的单复数形式
      - amount of
        
        an amount of —— 单数
        
        amounts of —— 复数
        
        通常修饰不可数名词
      - 分数结构
        
        one fifth of —— 取决于“of”后名词的单复数
        
        70 percent of —— 取决于“of”后名词的单复数
        
        two fifths of —— 取决于“of”后名词的单复数
      - number of
        
        the number of —— 单数
        
        a number of —— 复数
        
        只能加可数名词
      - 集合名词
        
        表示人 —— 复数
        
        表示物 —— 单数
- - - - there be
      - here be
      - eg：Here is a pen and two books on the table