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Unit 6 - Coggle Diagram
Unit 6
Software
System Software
OS
A computer system that allows the user to control the computer
It does this by creating a virtual machine which hides the true complexity of the computer from the user
Manages and controls access to the computers resources
This includes memory management, processor scheduling and handling interrupts
a collection (or suite) of programs that manages and controls the computer
Utility programs
Used for completing house keeping tasks in a computer system
These include data backup, defragmenting hard drives, data compression, antivirus, file explorer and encryption
Libraries
Small add on programs that add functionality to other programs
E.g
imports System.IO
adds the ability to read and write from text files
Translators
Pieces of software that translate between different types of language
Assemblers, Interpreters, Compilers
Created to maintain the efficiency of the system
Operates maintains and controls a computer and its components
Software are the programs that run on the hardware
Application Software
Created for the user to complete specific tasks
Operating System
Hides the complexities of the hardware from the user
Manage the hardware resources
Processors, storage, input/output devices, data
Jobs of the OS
Allocating Processor Time
1
If there is only one processor, only one task can be run at once
The OS allocates processing time so that each tasks is run so fast, they appear to happen at once
This gives the illusion of parallel processing
Allocating Space in the main memory
2
Program instructions and data being used both need to be stored in the main memory (so the processor can fetch them when needed)
The
memory management program
keep track of which parts of the main memory are being used by each process
IO (input/output) management
3
Computers have many different hardware devices
There are many different versions of these devices which work in different ways
One of the roles of the OS is to deal with communication between the computer and peripheral devices
File Management
4
The OS is responsible for storing data onto and retrieving data from the secondary storage
A file will be stored in clusters spread throughout the disk, the OS will retrieve blocks of data