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Latin language p1, present infinitive is velle, Present infinitive: nolle,…
Latin language p1
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vocab
adjectives
altus alta, altum high, deep
audax audacis bold, daring
benignus benigna, benignum kind, generous
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brevis breve short, brief
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ceteri ceterae, cetera the rest, the others
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dirus dira, dirum dreadful
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durus dura, durum hard, harsh
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ferox ferocis fierce, ferocious
fidelis fidele faithful, loyal
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gravis grave heavy, serious
infelix infelicis unlucky, unhappy
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iratus irata, iratum angry
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laetus laeta, laetum happy
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longus longa, longum long
magnus magna, magnum big, large, great
maior maius (irregular comparative) bigger, larger, greater
malus mala, malum evil, bad
maximus maxima, maximum the biggest, the greatest, very big, very great
medius media, medium middle, middle of
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minimus minima, minimum very little, very small
minor minus (irregular comparative) smaller, less
miser misera, miserum miserable, wretched, sad
multus multa, multum much, many
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nullus nulla, nullum not any, no
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optimus optima, optimum the best, very good, excellent
parvus parva, parvum small
pauci paucae, pauca few, a few
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perterritus perterrita, perterritum terrified
pessimus pessima, pessimum the worst, very bad
plenus plena, plenum full
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primus prima, primum first
proximus proxima, proximum nearest, next to
pulcher pulchra, pulchrum beautiful, handsome
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quantus? quanta, quantum how big? how much?
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Romanus Romana, Romanum Roman
sacer sacra, sacrum sacred
saevus saeva, saevum savage, cruel
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solus sola, solum alone, lonely, only, on one's own
stultus stulta, stultum stupid, foolish
summus summa, summum highest, greatest, top (of)
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tantus tanta, tantum so great, such a great, so much
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verus vera, verum true, real
vivus viva, vivum alive, living
Adverbs
adeo indecl. so much, so greatly
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igitur indecl. therefore, and so
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ita indecl. in this way, so
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itaque indecl. and so, therefore
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libenter indecl. willingly, gladly
magnopere indecl. greatly, very much
minime indecl. very little, least, no
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multo, multum indecl. much
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olim indecl. once, some time ago
paene indecl. almost, nearly
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quam indecl. than, how … ? how … !
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sic indecl. thus, in this way
sicut indecl. just as, like
statim indecl. at once, immediately
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tandem indecl. at last, finally
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ubi indecl. where, when, where?
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vehementer indecl. violently, loudly, strongly
vix indecl. scarcely, hardly, with difficulty
Conjunctions
Conjunctions
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ne indecl. that ... not, so that ... not
nec … nec, neque … neque indecl. neither ... nor …
postquam indecl. after, when
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simulac, simulatque indecl. as soon as
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ut indecl. + subjunc. that, so that, in order that
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NOUNS
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ancilla ancillae, f. slave-girl, maid
animus animi, m. spirit, soul, mind
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caelum caeli, n. sky, heaven
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cena cenae, f. dinner, meal
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civis civis, m.f. citizen
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clamor clamoris, m. shout, shouting, noise
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comes comitis, m.f. comrade, companion
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consilium consilii, n. plan, idea, advice
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cura curae, f. care, worry
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custos custodis, m.f. guard
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domina dominae, f. mistress
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dominus domini, m. master
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domus domus, f. (domi = at home) home, house
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donum doni, n. gift, present
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epistula epistulae, f. letter
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filia filiae, f. daughter
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flumen fluminis, n. river
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forum fori, n. forum, market place
frater fratris, m. brother
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homo hominis, m. man, human being, person
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imperator imperatoris, m. emperor, commander, general
imperium imperii, n. empire, power, command
insula insulae, f. island, block of flats
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iter itineris, n. journey, route, way
iuvenis iuvenis, m. young man
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legatus legati, m. commander
legio legionis, f. legion
liberi liberorum, m. pl. children
libertus liberti, m. freedman, ex-slave
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lux lucis, f. light, daylight
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manus manus, f. hand, group of people
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maritus mariti, m. husband
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miles militis, m. soldier
modus modi, m. manner, way, kind
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nemo neminis no one, nobody
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nuntius nuntii, m. messenger, message, news
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pecunia pecuniae, f. money
periculum periculi, n. danger
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poena poenae, f. punishment
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praemium praemii, n. prize, reward, profit
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princeps principis, m. chief, chieftain, emperor
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res rei, f. thing, business, matter
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Roma Romae, f. (Romae: at/in Rome) Rome
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sanguis sanguinis, m. blood
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senator senatoris, m. senator
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taberna tabernae, f. shop, inn
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templum templi, n. temple
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terra terrae, f. ground, land
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vestimenta vestimentorum, n.pl. clothes
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via viae, f. street, road, way
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villa villae, f. house, country house
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vox vocis, f. voice, shout
vulnus vulneris, n. wound
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vultus vultus, m. expression, face
Miscellaneous others
a, ab + abl (also used as prefix with verbs) from, by (as prefix = away)
ad + acc (also used as prefix with verbs) to, towards, at
aliquis aliquid someone, something
alius alia, aliud other, another, else
alter altera, alterum the other, another, the second of two
ante + acc before, in front of
apud + acc among, with, at the house of
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de + abl (also used as prefix with verbs) from, down from; about (as prefix = down)
e, ex + abl (also used as prefix with verbs) from, out of (as prefix = out, away)
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ille illa, illud that, he, she, it
in + acc (also used as prefix with verbs) into, onto
in + abl (also used as prefix with verbs) in, on
inter + acc among, between
is ea, id this, that, he, she, it, them
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noster nostra, nostrum our
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per + acc (also used as prefix with verbs) through, along
poenas do dare, dedi, datus pay the penalty, be punished
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pro + abl in front of, for, in return for (as prefix = forwards)
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qui quae, quod who, which
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se sui himself, herself, itself, themselves
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sub + acc/abl under, beneath (as prefix = under, up to)
suus sua, suum his, her, its, their (own)
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tuus tua, tuum your (singular), yours
vester vestra, vestrum your (plural), yours
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Verbs
absum abesse be out, be absent, be away
accido accidere, accidi happen
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accipio accipere, accepi, acceptus accept, take in, receive
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adiuvo adiuvare, adiuvi, adiutus help
adsum adesse be here, be present
advenio advenire, adveni arrive
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ago agere, egi, actus do, act, drive
ambulo ambulare, ambulavi walk
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amo amare, amavi, amatus love, like
aperio aperire, aperui, apertus open
appareo apparere, apparui appear
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appropinquo appropinquare, appropinquavi + dat approach, come near to
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audio audire, audivi, auditus hear, listen to
aufero auferre, abstuli, ablatus take away, carry off, steal
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cado cadere, cecidi, casus fall
capio capere, cepi, captus take, catch, capture, adopt (a plan)
celo celare, celavi, celatus hide
clamo clamare, clamavi, clamatus shout
coepi coepisse, coeptus began (past tenses only)
cogito cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus think, consider
cognosco cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus get to know, find out, learn
cogo cogere, coegi, coactus force, compel
conficio conficere, confeci, confectus finish; wear out, exhaust
conor conari, conatus sum try
conspicio conspicere, conspexi, conspectus catch sight of, notice
constituo constituere, constitui, constitutus decide
consumo consumere, consumpsi, consumptus eat
credo credere, credidi, creditus + dat believe, trust, have faith in
cupio cupere, cupivi want, desire
curo curare, curavi, curatus look after, care for, supervise
curro currere, cucurri, cursus run
debeo debere, debui, debitus owe, ought, should, must
deleo delere, delevi, deletus destroy
despero desperare, desperavi, desperatus despair
dico dicere, dixi, dictus say
discedo discedere, discessi depart, leave
do dare, dedi, datus give
dormio dormire, dormivi sleep
duco ducere, duxi, ductus lead, take
effugio effugere, effugi escape
egredior egredi, egressus sum go out
emo emere, emi, emptus buy
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exspecto exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus wait for
facio facere, feci, factus make, do
um ferre, tuli, latus bring, carry, bear
festino festinare, festinavi hurry
frango frangere, fregi, fractus break
fugio fugere, fugi run away, flee
gero gerere, gessi, gestus wear (clothes), wage (war)
habeo habere, habui, habitus have
habito habitare, habitavi, habitatus live
iaceo iacere, iacui lie (positional)
iacio iacere, ieci, iactus throw
impero imperare, imperavi, imperatus + dat order, command
incendo incendere, incendi, incensus burn, set on fire
ingredior ingredi, ingressus sum enter
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intellego intellegere, intellexi, intellectus understand, realise
intro intrare, intravi, intratus enter
invenio invenire, inveni, inventus find
iubeo iubere, iussi, iussus order
laboro laborare, laboravi work
lacrimo lacrimare, lacrimavi weep, cry
laudo laudare, laudavi, laudatus praise
lego legere, legi, lectus read, choose
libero liberare, liberavi, liberatus free, set free
loquor loqui, locutus sum speak
maneo manere, mansi remain, stay
mitto mittere, misi, missus send
morior mori, mortuus sum die
narro narrare, narravi, narratus tell, relate
navigo navigare, navigavi sail
neco necare, necavi, necatus kill
nescio nescire, nescivi not know
nolo nolle, nolui not want
nuntio nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatus announce, report
occido occidere, occidi, occisus kill
offero offerre, obtuli, oblatus offer
oppugno oppugnare, oppugnavi, oppugnatus attack
oro orare, oravi, oratus beg, beg for
ostendo ostendere, ostendi, ostentus show
pareo parere, parui + dat obey
paro parare, paravi, paratus prepare
pereo perire, perii die, perish
persuadeo persuadere, persuasi + dat persuade
peto petere, petivi, petitus make for, attack, seek, beg, ask for
placeo placere, placui + dat. please
pono ponere, posui, positus put, place, put up
porto portare, portavi, portatus carry
possum posse, potui can, be able
postulo postulare, postulavi, postulatus demand
praebeo praebere, praebui, praebitus provide
procedo procedere, processi advance, proceed
progredior progredi, progressus sum advance
promitto promittere, promisi, promissus promise
pugno pugnare, pugnavi fight
puto putare, putavi, putatus think
quaero quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitus search for, look for, ask
rapio rapere, rapui, raptus seize, grab
reddo reddere, reddidi, redditus give back, restore
redeo redire, redii go back, come back, return
refero referre, rettuli, relatus bring/carry back; report, tell
regredior regredi, regressus sum go back, return
relinquo relinquere, reliqui, relictus leave, leave behind
resisto resistere, restiti + dat resist
respondeo respondere, respondi, responsus reply
rideo ridere, risi laugh, smile
rogo rogare, rogavi, rogatus ask, ask for
saluto salutare, salutavi, salutatus greet
scio scire, scivi, scitus know
scribo scribere, scripsi, scriptus write
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sentio sentire, sensi, sensus feel, notice
sequor sequi, secutus sum follow
servo servare, servavi, servatus save, look after
specto spectare, spectavi, spectatus look at, watch
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supero superare, superavi, superatus overcome, overpower
surgo surgere, surrexi get up, stand up, rise
taceo tacere, tacui, tacitus be silent, be quiet
teneo tenere, tenui, tentus hold, keep, possess
terreo terrere, terrui, territus frighten
timeo timere, timui fear, be afraid
tollo tollere, sustuli, sublatus raise, lift up
trado tradere, tradidi, traditus hand over
traho trahere, traxi, tractus drag, draw, pull
vendo vendere, vendidi, venditus sell
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video videre, vidi, visus see
vinco vincere, vici, victus conquer, win, be victorious
vivo vivere, vixi live, be alive
voco vocare, vocavi, vocatus call
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Verbs
follow the different tenses look in each tense for the specific endings. They are also 4 conjugations of verbs on latin
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Imperatives
singulars end in an A for first declension, E for 3rd and 2nd and i for fourth
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Passives
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There are 6 types
present, future, imperfect, perfect, future perfect, pluperfect
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Adjectives
agree to the noun by case, number - plural = 2, singular = 1, gender
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superlative
the most or est in Latin they end in issima or issimus irregulars however end in us such as maximus and optimus
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Pronouns
hic
genitive: horum, harum, horum
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accusative: hos, has, haec
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nominative: hi, hae, haec
nominative: hic, haec, hoc
accusative: hos, has, haec
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is
accusative:eum, eam, id
accusative (plurals): eos, eas, ea
genitive:eius
genitive (plurals): eorum, earum, eorum
nominative: is,ea,id
nominative (plurals):ei, eae, ea
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qui/quae quod
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accusative: quem, quam, quod
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accusative: quos, quas, quae
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genitive:quorum, quarum, quorum
nominative:qui, quae, quae
Pluperfect
latin endings
they contain ERA usually in the ending which is a big clue for the pluperfect as you can remember it as the pluperfect was in the last ERA as pluperfect is the most far back in time
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Nouns
cases
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genitive
possession
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plurals
first declension: puellarum,
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singulars
nominative: ille, illa, illud
accusative: illum, illam, illud
genitive: illius
dative:illi
ablative: illo,illa, illo
plurals
nominative: illi, illae, illa
accusative: illos, illas, illa
genitive: illorum, illarum, illorum
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