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Chapter 2: Overview of logistics 2.1 Historical milestones of logistics -…
Chapter 2: Overview of logistics
2.1 Historical milestones of logistics
Ancient and Medieval Periods
1.Ancient Greece and Rome: The concept of logistics originated in ancient Greece and Rome, when military strategists used the term "logistikas"(providing food, weapons, and equipment to soldiers.)
2.Ancient China: Sun Tzu, in his work "The Art of War," also emphasized the importance of supply and transportation in warfare
3.Middle ages and renaissance: Logistics was further developed during major expeditions and trade activities between nations. Maintaining land and sea trade routes played a crucial role in providing resources and goods
4.Age of exploration: Explorers like Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama relied on logistics networks to expand trade routes and connect continents.
Industrial revolution era
Large-Scale transportation:
Transportation development (railroads, steamships, and transportation systems)
Logistics optimization: Logistics during this period were also more optimized with the construction
of large-scale warehouses, seaports, and distribution systems
The 20th century and world wars
Development of military logistics: Military logistics underwent significant advancements during
World War I and World War II.
Coordination and supply
Formalization of the concept: The modern concept of logistics has been formally defined and
more widely applied in both civilian and military domains
Post-War and the developmetn of commercial logistics (1950-1980)
The birth of containerization: Containers helped standardize packaging and transportation of goods
Just in time (JIT) model: The japanese model emerged, focusing on minimizing inventory and optimizing the supply process.
Development of modern transportation: container
ships and cargo planes created a leap in transportation and distribution capabilities.
The era of globalization (1980-present)
Information technology and the internet: has transformed logistics to become more responsive, accurate, and globally connected . Logistics management software, warehouse management systems, and GPS have improved operational efficiency.
E- commerce: e-commerce platforms like Amazon and Alibaba
Logistics 4.0 trends and sustainable development ( from 2010 to present)
1.Logistics 4.0: AI, Internet of things(IoT), Blockchain, and Big Data
Green logistics:transportation vehicles powered by renewable energy, and optimized
routing to minimize carbon emissions