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RENAL Embryology and Anatomy - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Glomerulus
        
        Juxtaglomerular Cells
        
        Secrete Renin
        
        Mesangial Cells
        
        Remove Debris
        
        Bowman Capsule
        
        Disease
        
        Nephritic Syndrome
        
        Autoimmune
        
        HSR
        
        Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis
        
        Rapidly Progressive (Crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
        
        IgA Nephropathy (
        
        Nephrotic Syndrome
        
        Nephritic-Nephrotic Syndrome
      - Proximal Convoluted Tubule
        
        Tissue Type
        
        Brush Border Cells
        
        Isotonic Reabsorption
        
        Ions
        
        HCO3
        
        Na+
        
        Cl-
        
        PO4^3
        
        K+
        
        H2O
        
        Macromolecules
        
        Glucose
        
        Amino Acids
        
        Secrete
        
        NH3
        
        H+
        
        Hormones
        
        PTH
        
        MOA
        
        Inhibits Na+/PO4^3 counter transport
        
        Increases PO4^3 Excretion
        
        AT II
        
        MOA
        
        Stimulates Na+/H+ Exchange
        
        Increases Na+, H2O, HCO3 Reabsorption
        
        Disease
        
        Fanconi Syndrome (Reabsorption Defect)
        
        Defects
        
        Effects
        
        Causes
        
        Hereditary
        
        Wilson Disease
        
        Tyrosinemia
        
        Glycogen Storage Disease
        
        Secondary Causes
        
        Ischemia
        
        Multiple Myeloma
        
        Drugs
        
        Ifosamide
        
        Cisplatin
        
        Tenofovir
      - Distal Convoluted Tubule (Impermeable to H2O
        
        Function
        
        Reabsorption
        
        Cl-
        
        Na+
        
        Makes urine fully dilute (Hypotonic)
        
        Hormone
        
        PTH
        
        Increases Ca+/Na+ exchange
        
        Increases Ca+2 Reabsorption
        
        Disease
        
        Gitelman Syndrome (Reabsorption Defect)
    - - Loop of Henle
        
        Ascending Loop (Active Reabsorption) (H2O Impermeable)
        
        Function
        
        Reabsorption
        
        Na+
        
        K+
        
        Cl-
        
        Paracellular (+ Lumen Potential Generated by K+ backleak)
        
        Mg+2
        
        Ca+2
        
        Dilutes Urine
        
        Disease
        
        Batter Syndrome (Reabsorption Defect) AR
        
        Descending Loop (Passive reabsorption) Na+ Impermeable
        
        Function
        
        Concentrating segment (makes urine Hypertonic)
        
        Reabsorbs H2O via Medullary Hypertonicity
      - Collecting Duct
        
        Function/Hormones
        
        Aldosterone
        
        Reabsorbs Na+ in exchange for secreting K+ and H+
        
        Acts on mineralocorticoid Receptor
        
        ADH
        
        Acts on V2 Receptors
        
        Insertion of Aquaporin H2O Channels on Apical Side
        
        Disease
        
        Liddle Syndrome (GOF) AD
        
        Syndrome of Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess (SAME) (LOF) AR
    - - Tissue
        
        Transitional Epithelium
      - Sphincters
        
        Internal Urethral Sphincter (Involuntary)
        
        External Urethral Sphincter (Voluntary)
- - - - Function
        
        Interim Kidney (first trimester)
      - Forms into male structures
        
        Wolffian Duct
        
        Ductus Deferens
        
        Epididymis
  - - - Ureteric Bud (Canalized at 10 Weeks)
        
        Derived from
        
        Caudal End of Mesonephric Duct
        
        Give Rise to
        
        Ureter
        
        Pelvise
        
        Calyces
        
        Collecting Ducts
        
        Disease
        
        Renal Agesis
      - Metanephric Mesenchyme
        
        Interaction with Ureteric Bud induces differentiation and Formation of .....
        
        Glomerulus
        
        Disease
        
        Multicystic Dysplasia
        
        Wilm's Tumor (Metanephric Blastema)
  - - - Disease
        
        Prenatal Hydronephrosis
        
        Risk Factors
        
        Kidney Stones
        
        UTI
        
        Associations
        
        Duplex Collecting System
  - - - P
        
        Pulmonary Hypoplasia
        
        Lack of amniotic fluid aspiration
        
        Compression of the chest
      - O
        
        Oligohydramnios
        
        Presentation
        
        Limb Deformities
        
        Facial Anomalies
        
        Cause
        
        Compression of the Fetus
        
        Associations
        
        Posterior Urethral Valves
      - T
        
        Twisted Face
      - T
        
        Twisted face
      - E
        
        Extremity Defects
      - R
        
        Renal Failure
      - Main Causes
        
        Chronic Placental Insufficiency
        
        Reduced renal output
        
        ARPKD
        
        Obstructive Uropathy
        
        Bilateral Renal Agenesis
      - Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney